Canon EF and RF Lenses – All Autofocus Motors
43 comments
·March 10, 2025liotier
ExAr
Thank you for your feedback! And great that you've found the other chapters - most of them are already complete. Enjoy!
xattt
Well, there goes the rest of today…
MartijnBraam
I've always wanted to know how the various autofocus systems worked. This page is incredible. I wish there was another one with the Nikon autofocus systems since that's what I actually have.
I still have several lenses with autofocus that don't have an AF motor in it at all, the motor is in the camera body instead there's a tiny screw on the lens mount that transfers the motor rotation to the autofocus parts in the lense. This was very slow and noisy though on my cameras.
pnathan
Tolerably modern Nikon lenses have in-lens AF I believe.
MartijnBraam
Yeah the in-body motor thing is only for the older Nikon lenses, I don't think AF for that is still supported if you're using Z-mount adapters. Nikon seems to have a few similar AF motor technologies like the canon ones in this article.
ExAr
Hi there!
I have written an e-book about all autofocus motor types used in Canon EF & RF lenses from the past 40 years.
aziaziazi
The graphics are amazing. Congrats for the work!
turnsout
This is seriously impressive! Just curious, how do you have the time to do all these deep-dives, and how can people give you money??
ExAr
turnsout Thank you very much. Trying to understand complex things has always fascinated me. Indeed it takes a lot of time (rd. 1.600 hours for the complete series of Canon lens chapters) but its people like you who drive me forward. I don't have a donation page yet, I never thought it would be used :-)
exar0815
I always wanted to build a controller for Canon Telephoto lenses to use them with c-mount cameras and control the focus from a PC. Might be helpful for that.
PaulHoule
I was a big fan of USM lenses when I had a Canon, but I had one go bad with fungus or something and for a while had only a 35mm prime which I even used to take pictures of birds. Then I lost my Canon and decided to get a Sony circa 2019 or so because all the reviews I saw for Nikon and Canon said the autofocus sucked on entry-level full frame cameras.
myself248
Oh neat! I have a Newscale micro motor demo kit from years ago, and I wondered if they were ever successful in the market. But that hip-gyrating Micro USM action sure looks familiar.
speed_spread
Meanwhile, Pentax screw drives go brrrrr
michh
I’ve recently been shooting film with an old EOS camera from the 90s I bought used and it was really nice being able to use the EOS lenses I bought for my DSLR in the 2000s and 2010s. It’s a dying standard now but it’s really impressive it lasted as long as it has, with significant technological innovation on both sides of the lens mount while retaining full compatibility. A brand new EOS EF lens still works with an 80s camera and a new 80D from 2017 can still use the lenses from the 1980s without any adapter. 30 years ain’t bad for a standard!
hyperbovine
I must be old -- I vividly remember the Nikon crowd crowing loudly online forums (fredmiranda.com I'm looking at you) about how Canon broke backwards compatibility when they moved from FD to EF. Whereas you could slap an F-mount lens from the 1950s on any Nikon DSLR ever made, no problemo. (Remarkably, this continues to be true!)
silverquiet
You could always physically mount them but there were compatibility issues as Nikon added functionality over the years. It was a tradeoff.
mcbuilder
Too bad Nikon practically stopped making DSLRs
michh
Oh yeah, that’s even better, totally agree, but it doesn’t negate my point. I don’t think Canon’s 30 or 40 years would be matched by a hypothetical present-day camera upstart, let alone Nikon’s 70 years.
IgorPartola
As a Canon owner, Nikon has a much longer back compatibility range. Having autofocus motors and IS in body rather than in lens seems to be a part of their trick.
shagie
The traditional Nikon mount has a small screw that is turned. The camera autofocus speed is limited by the amount of torque that can be applied to the screw - which can make focusing some of the heavier lenses slower.
https://www.discoverdigitalphotography.com/2012/lens-mounts-...
The "AF-D" lenses have contacts back to the camera body that communicate distance information (that is in turn used by the camera body to calculate flash power).
The G mount lenses remove the manual coupling for the f/stop which means that only bodies that can control the aperture from the body can use them. My FM3A has no aperture control on the body and so with that camera, I unlock the aperture ring.
The AF-S camera lenses have the focusing motor in the body.
VR in Nikon is done in lens. https://kenrockwell.com/nikon/80400vr.htm It needs to - you can't jiggle the film around to keep it in the same place.
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The impressive part of Nikon's compatibility isn't only the "you can use an AI-S lens on a modern (professional) body, but also "you can use any of the F mount lenses on an old body" (the G lenses don't have the f/stop ring and the E lenses have the focus motor in the lens).
While it appears that Nikon has mostly shifted to E and G mount, third party lenses are still being manufactured for the F mount.
https://www.bhphotovideo.com/c/product/1519140-REG/tokina_at... - and you can see all the parts of the F mount, manual aperture ring control, 5 pins for distance, '-' slotted screw for focus.
mimentum
Difference between G and E-type lenses is that 'E' stands for Electromagnetic Diaphrapham.
The G type lenses have an aperture tab for diaphrapham control as dictated by the camera body, the E-type lenses leave this to being controlled by the camera electronically.
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dghlsakjg
Nikon lenses will mount on any Nikon body, but that’s sort of where the compatibility ends.
Their f mount autofocus lenses are a variety of standards that are not at all backwards compatible across eras.
batch12
I have an EOS 35mm lying around that can use the same lenses too.
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actionfromafar
Cannot scroll pages in Firefox.
ExAr
Sorry to hear that. I tried on my Firefox and it worked. Not sure what might cause that issue.
SSLy
depending on how the UA's anti-tracking is set up, your cookie pop-up (non-GDPR compliant btw) might prevent the scroll. It's this snippet
html.disable--interaction.show--consent, html.disable--
interaction.show--consent body {
height: auto !important;
overflow: hidden !important;
}
Retr0id
Which aspect of it is non-GDPR compliant?
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chaosprint
[flagged]
sizzzzlerz
I chose early on to invest in Canon's L lenses even though I'm an amateur. Yes, they are considerably more expensive than consumer lenses but for the price, you get a more rugged, weatherproof body, sharper and faster glass, and a greater selection of both fixed and zoom lens. The down side is they are quite heavy making them more difficult to carry when shooting outdoors and they can require a stronger tripod to support the weight of the lens and camera. But, the images they can produce can be simply stunning at times and that, after all, is why we do photography.
dylan604
As the old saying goes, buy the glass, rent the body. Camera bodies change much more quickly than the lenses, so as an indie your money is better spent on the glass. However, shit is so cheap now that you can almost upgrade your gear like your phone. IF you’re a cut ally making money with it, you can pay off your gear in one or two gigs. Unless you’re the “nephew with a 5D asking $500” to shoot that project
jeffbee
Most shops that offered still photo rentals in my city have gone out of business, and it's a major city. I used to be able to count on renting a big telephoto that I didn't need to own, for a few hundred per weekend, but these days I'd have to take a long drive to get to the one remaining shop.
dylan604
Yeah, online rental places have pretty much made the locals fade away. The one in my local area requires a "deposit" worth the full sales price which makes it out of the reach of anyone but those well off.
We used to joke about the B&H rental by taking full advantage of the 30-day return policy. Even Amazon's return policy qualifies now. You just need to the up front funds available and hope that wear&tear is not noticeable to make the return acceptable. It's hard for local shops to keep up with that.
BolexNOLA
Considering my 70-200 can still hang after 10 years and will last another 20 easily with some TLC I was fine with my $1500 purchase - which I made as an indie filmmaker!
Jokes aside Sony glass really isn’t all that much cheaper.
chaosprint
Agreed. EF's short flange focal distance can also be easily connected to Sony to utilize dual ISO. Indie uses manual focus anyway.
null
As a Canon user since the mid-80's, I found this fascinating reading.
Edit: Wow - there's a whole collection of Canon lens technology articles there: https://exclusivearchitecture.com/03-technical-articles-CLT-...