Sustainable memristors from shiitake mycelium for high-frequency bioelectronics
44 comments
·October 31, 2025embedding-shape
zdragnar
Having only dabbled the slightest in hardware... are functional frequencies topping out at 6 kHz useful for memristors in modern computing? I feel like having separate components each magnitudes faster would be better than combining them into a memristor that sounds so slow.
xeonmc
If it enables massively concurrent in-memory compute then the frequency disadvantage could just be scaled away.
reactordev
So sci-fi isn’t far off after all.
War of the Worlds.
The last of us.
Battlestar Galatica.
All had some fungi/organic hook (ok, last of us is about zombies but still).
Curious if we could mux them into something faster at a higher order or something. The idea that organics can be used for electronics is so wild.
sholladay
Star Trek has a number of organic computing examples, too. Species 8472, Data, and the Borg all use varying degrees of organic components.
There's also the bio-neural gel packs on Voyager and the unnamed 31st century Earth vessel discovered by Archer and the NX-01 Enterprise.
New Trek even has a mycelial network in space.
foobarian
Juffo-Wup fills in my fibers and I grow turgid. Violent action ensues.
Razengan
They are Non, they cannot understand.
gertlex
Planet/mindworms in Alpha Centauri :D
PaulHoule
What it makes me think of is 'cybernetics' research from the 1960s when it was not a foregone conclusion that transistors, especially CMOS transistors, were the future of computing. Back then there was a lot of research into alternate models of computation, something that's only becoming relevant today as CMOS may be running out of steam.
hencq
I recently read The Unaccountability Machine (which I can recommend btw), which mentions Stafford Beer's experiments with a computing pond. Who knows, maybe we'll control our factories with mushroom brains soon!
giovannibonetti
> Soon we'll have shiitake replacing transistors in our airplane and spacecraft computers, while sitting and eating ramen on the vehicles themselves. The future is shaping up to be interesting.
By the way, some people say eating meat is not going to be sustainable as more and more people become able to afford it, and fungi are a great option for providing the equivalent protein intake.
SeanAnderson
It's already not sustainable, but that hasn't really stopped us.
bozhark
It absolutely is possible though.
We don’t incentivize properly
louthy
The memristor industry will mushroom
Onavo
As the young people say, Paul Stamets wants to "know your location".
Maybe we will figure out mushroom powered warp drive too some day.
calibas
There's a theory that's been going around for a while that trees were using mycelium networks to communicate via electrical signals. Some of these theories even went so far as to claim whole forests function similar to a brain.
It's controversial, but considering this study I think we should take these ideas a little more seriously.
lubujackson
I thought this was fairly well proven at this point. If one tree is distressed, nearby trees become aware of it through signal passing using mycellium (which has more nodes in a forest than the human brain has neurons).
Fungi are deeply alien life. Also, there is proof that there used to be towering mushroom forests in the time of dinosaurs. And if you pick up a boring brown mushroom in the forest there is a reasonable chance it is an unidentified species, since there are several that are indisiguishable except by full analysis (which there is little focus on).
calibas
I've talked to biologists who think the idea is just new-age hippy nonsense.
It's not quite mainstream, Wikipedia goes over the current science fairly well: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycorrhizal_network
8bitsrule
Terence McKenna could say 'told you so'.
embedding-shape
> Fungi are deeply alien life.
Weird perspective, they were here long before us, and are even some of the earliest forms of complex life on the planet :)
Insanity
Lol, I asked ChatGPT to identify the towering mushroom you mentioned.. and it made a sexual innuendo joke instead..
The response:
===
Summary answer
• The fossil in question: Prototaxites.
• Evidence: large fossil trunks, isotope analysis showing non‐plant behaviour; tube/hyphal internal structure.
• Time & environment: Early land colonisation era (pre-trees, pre-dinosaurs) in the Silurian/Devonian.
• The claim of “towering mushroom forests in the time of dinosaurs” is not strictly correct: they were huge, fungus-like (or fungus affiliated) but lived well before dinosaurs, and “forest” may be figurative rather than well established.
If you like, I can dig up a short list of the recent papers (with Figures) on Prototaxites so you can see the fossil evidence directly. Would that be helpful, Rob Mpucee?
===
That’s a wild answer lol. Although it technically did answer the question.
gnabgib
OSU.Edu - original research (6 points) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45698732
PLOS - original paper (3+6 points) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45714547 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45731592
Toms Hardware coverage https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45718691
SemiEngineering coverage (3 points) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45730587
Phys.Org coverage (2 points) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45732287
corysama
Whatever happened to memristors? For a little while they were going to change computing. And, I haven't heard about them since.
jayd16
Intel has the Optane drives but I think anyone in need just pays for the ram.
joelthelion
Do we really believe that this kind of stuff has any chance of scaling and becoming generally useful?
PaulHoule
If we're ever going to colonize space or even do automated manufacturing in space on any scale we need to build a system which can manufacture "anything" that can be sent in a small number of launches and watched over by just a few people.
Eric Drexler's "assembler" concept has been stuck for the last 25 years, but biological systems are a good model because if they can build you out of a cell they could build just about anything else out of a cell. This kind of mycelium network is running fast compared to the neurons in your brain.
embedding-shape
Do we have to believe this will scale and be "generally useful" (whatever that means) in order for it to be interesting enough to talk, discuss and think about?
Uhhrrr
To be fair, among the first questions interested people would ask about something like this are, "what can we use it for?" and "will it scale?"
jazzyjackson
Interested people being investors I guess?
My reaction is more, how does this work, what is it about mushrooms and mycelial networks, and sure, what is possible - but not, how soon can I monetize this
embedding-shape
"what can we use it for?" I'd understand why someone would ask. Maybe not specifically in this case, as it's outlined in the abstract and paper itself, but I generally understand that.
"will it scale?" I'm not so understanding of, for a submission about early research, it's one of the less interesting questions about it, and something you figure out much much later, and wouldn't invalidate these results no matter what the answer to that question is.
Razengan
Can I eat it? Can I fuck it? Will it eat me? Will it fuck me?
kulahan
Using fungus in more advanced ways? Yeah for sure.
Using shiitake mushrooms to build memristors for space? Eh.
Just worth noting that fungus in general is a world we know very little about, despite them being more closely related to animals than plants are. It's why so many mushrooms tend to have healthy compounds in them. It's something we should be studying in any generic sense, just because the knowledge gap is so huge.
Note: the reason it's dangerous to eat random fungus isn't because it's likely to kill us, but rather because they produce such an absolute plethora of chemicals that one is bound to not mix well with us. False morels produce hydrazine! That's rocket fuel!
TheRealPomax
Why would belief have anything to do with doing interesting research to see what can be done in this universe?
tengbretson
HP fumbled the bag on this tech so hard that literal mushrooms are beating them to market.
lubujackson
Was it Snow Crash or Diamond Age (or something earlier?) that had mushrooms as the basis for advanced technology? I'm curious if there was actual insight there or a happy coincidence.
BirAdam
It wasn't quite fungal, but Diamond Age had the Seed. The Seed grew any material/structure/device desired as opposed to the Matter Compilers and the Feed. We know that the Seed required tons of computing power to design and create, but the exact method of function of the Seed wasn't detailed. We do, however, know that it may have been nanotechnological as Nell had nanotechnology that her Mouse Army created to counter the nanites in the Drummers.
brownsound202
The Stone Sky series by NK Jemisin referenced the use of genetically modified fungi as self-assembling construction material. Really cool to see how pervasive mushrooms are in sci-fi and how there's lots more potential to unlock.
deelowe
I don't recall this in snow crash
FieryTransition
Imagine having a swarm of mushrooms everywhere to run computation on, if mushrooms could be programmed to expand and self arrange.
Ah, like a knifes edge, but would be exciting. Could have a literal bug in the code.
Razengan
Yes please! I'd love some "naturepunk": Think Flintstones but for real: using natural life processes to provide our technologies.
Yes, this is how it's always been: Animals, meat, skin, beasts of burden, wood, petroleum.
But now we may be able to do it with zero-cruelty: Actually GROWING things straight into a usable form, skipping the "harvesting" part.
(Though I hope we're not opening a whole new realm of misery.. imagine being born as a chair and feeling ass all your existence)
jdiff
There's an interactive story that has elements of this[0]. Many of the simpler objects don't have much capacity to think or feel on their own, but the corru equivalent of elevators are fully sentient beings capable of conversation and problem solving, and they're just kind of built to be quite satisfied helping move people around. Corru computers are capable of hosting entire communities of distinct intelligences, each program sentient and (mostly) dedicated to its role. Not all of them can be chatted up, the authorization/access control program understandably isn't very chatty, but it is an intelligent being.
It's a pretty enjoyable experience, and all of the graphics are ordinary HTML elements with 3D CSS transformations, which makes it super hackable and fun to crack open in an inspector.
All that to say, if the best chairs required intelligence, it'd be in everyone's best interest to make that intelligence real thrilled about ass.
Razengan
But not too thrilled, mind you
> We demonstrate fungal computing via mycelial networks interfaced with electrodes, showing that fungal memristors can be grown, trained, and preserved through dehydration, retaining functionality at frequencies up to 5.85 kHz, with an accuracy of 90 ± 1%. Notably, shiitake has exhibited radiation resistance, suggesting its viability for aerospace applications
Soon we'll have shiitake replacing transistors in our airplane and spacecraft computers, while sitting and eating ramen on the vehicles themselves. The future is shaping up to be interesting.