Researchers find evidence of ChatGPT buzzwords turning up in everyday speech
125 comments
·August 27, 2025milancurcic
heelix
I know my lexicon has expanded with 5 letter words. Coffee and Wordle kicks off the morning and I got to believe many other folks do the same. It would be fun to know how much that silly puzzle is impacting things. Love it when my Bride gives me the side eye and tries to pass off NORIA as something she uses all the time.
diego_sandoval
Same thing as with em dashes. Some of us have been using em dashes from before ChatGPT.
Taek
Genuine question, do you actually use the formal emdash in your writing? AIs are very consistent about using the proper emdash—a double long dash with no spaces around it, whereas humans almost always tend to use a slang version - a single dash with spaces around it. That's because most keyboards don't have an emdash key, and few people even know how to produce an actual emdash.
That's what makes it such a good giveaway. I'm happy to be told that I'm wrong, and that you do actually use the proper double long dash in your writing, but I'm guessing that you actually use the human slang for an emdash, which is visually different and easily sets your writing apart as not AI writing!
cosmic_cheese
Macs and iDevices have been auto-transforming -- into – for well over a decade now, and on the iOS standard keyboard both – and — are just a single long press of the dash key away.
dragonwriter
> Genuine question, do you actually use the formal emdash in your writing?
"the formal emdash"?
> AIs are very consistent about using the proper emdash—a double long dash with no spaces around it
Setting an em-dash closed is separate from whether you using an em-dash (and an em-dash is exactly what it says, a dash that is the width of the em-width of the font; "double long" is fine, I guess, if you consider the en-dash "single long", but not if, as you seem to be, you take the standard width as that of the ASCII hyphen-minus, which is usually considerably narrower than en width in a proportional font.)
But, yes, most people who intentionally use em-dashes are doing so because they care about detail enough that they are also going to set them closed, at least in the uses where that is standards. (There are uses where it is conventional to set them half-closed, but that's not important here.)
> whereas humans almost always tend to use a slang version - a single dash with spaces around it.
That's not an em-dash (and its not even an approximation of one, using a hyphen-minus set open—possibly doubled—is an approximation of the typographic convention of using an en-dash set open – different style guides prefer that for certain uses for which other guides prefer an em-dash set closed.) But I disagree with your claim that "most humans" who describe themselves as using em-dashes instead are actually just approximating the use of en-dashes set open with the easier-to-type hyphen-minus.
al_borland
I learned the keyboard shortcut so I can type the proper thing. I did the same for the ellipsis.
Also, phone keyboards make it easy. Just hold down the - and you can select various types.
dotinvoke
A mobile keyboard—limited as it is—has no trouble producing an em-dash, requiring little more than a long press on the - button.
kayodelycaon
I write fiction and use proper em-dashes all the time in long form writing. It's option + - on macOS.
thomascountz
I for one, use an actual em dash in my writing—or at least I used to. Option + Shift + the hyphen key on Mac. I never knew if I was using it correctly, but I'd learn to copy how I'd seen it used in books and articles and things. Now, I have an incessant paranoia around using it.
brendoelfrendo
I will use a double hyphen: -- which Microsoft Word and I think most word processors I've used will auto-replace with an em dash. I will sometimes even type the double hyphen to represent an em dash in places where it doesn't get replaced, like internet comments. I'm kind of surprised more people don't use two hyphens as em dash shorthand, to be honest.
Fade_Dance
Unfortunately the em dash has already been relegated to the dungeon of AI suspicion for the next 5-10 years.
adastra22
I often edit things in Word — I have a document that I can alt-tab to and type things. It has spellcheck, etc. that my browser window does not, and I’m not at risk of losing if I refresh or something. Then copy-paste back.
Word converts any - into an em dash based on context. Guess who’s always accused of being a bot?
The thing is, AI learned to use these things because it is good typographical style represented in its training set.
sho_hn
My workaround (well, to be honest, I've always done this: I love a good em dash, they're terrifically satisfying to use, but I'm too lazy to type them), is to use two single dashes--like so.
bonoboTP
It's not a suspicion in an also otherwise properly typeset PDF, but it's a suspicion in a YouTube comment or other informal context for sure.
tkgally
Fortunately, em-dash users who have been posting to HN long enough can point to evidence of our pre-ChatGPT use:
https://news.ycombinator.com/threads?id=tkgally&next=3380763...
guelo
I just went through your HN comment history going back to 2021 and didn't find a single —
thomascountz
You're making the point that OP never actually uses the em dash, by surveying their HN comments, in order to defend the notion that no one actually used em dashes prior to their proliferation by LLMs? Or do you mean something else?
throwaway287391
I'll buy it if either (1) you're a hopeless nerd, or (2) you typed on a phone or whatever that auto-replaces "--" with em dash. (And in the case of (2) I'll probably assume that was unintentional; even noticing it and considering it for a second would usually fall under (1).) Otherwise you're claiming you're a normie who memorized the default key sequence for em dash. Or, even less likely for a normie, added a custom shortcut for em dash.
adastra22
So any iOS device (maybe macOS input too? Idk), or any software meant for word editing, like say MS Word?
I think it’s the nerds who don’t use these things…
thomascountz
You don't want to believe people use em dashes? Why is that?
kace91
My company currently has a guideline that includes “therefore” and similar words as an example of literary language we should avoid using, as it makes the reader think it’s AI.
It really made me uneasy, to think that formal communication might start getting side looks.
cosmic_cheese
What’s worse is that this window might shift as writing becomes less formal and new material is included in the training corpus. By 2035 any language above a first grade reading level will be grounds for AI suspicion.
csa
> By 2035 any language above a first grade reading level will be grounds for AI suspicion.
Probably 5th grade, but your comment is directionally correct.
sixtyj
By 2035 we will live in the world full of TikTok videos where ability to write will be absurd to people as Not Sure in Idiocracy… this is hyperbole, ofc… but you know what I want to say.
bonoboTP
Whenever there are commonly agreed upon and known tell-tale signs of AI writing, the model creators can just retrain to eliminate those cues. On an individual level, you can also try to put it in your personalization prompt what turns of phrase to avoid (but central retraining is better).
This will be a cat and mouse game. Content factories will want models that don't create suspicious output, and the reading public will develop new heuristics to detect it. But it will be a shifting landscape. Currently, informal writing is rare in AI generation because most people ask models to improve their formulations, with more sophisticated vocabulary etc. Often non-native speakers, who then don't exactly notice the over-pompousness, just that it looks to them like good writing.
Usually there are also deeper cues, closer to the content's tone. AI writing often lacks the sharp edge, when you unapologetically put a thought there on the table. The models are more weasely, conflict-avoidant and hold a kind of averaged, blurred millennial Reddit-brained value system.
jazzypants
"The dwarves delved too greedily and too deep." - Saruman, 2002
jujube3
Saruman definitely seems like the kind to use AI.
dgfitz
"The Dwarves tell no tale; but even as mithril was the foundation of their wealth, so also it was their destruction: they delved too greedily and too deep, and disturbed that from which they fled, Durin's Bane" - J.R.R. Tolkien spoken by Gandalf, 1954
ASalazarMX
scoff It's evident that Gandalf clearly used AI. Saruman is the real human here.
Jokes aside, I don't like what LLMs are doing to our culture, but I'm curious about the future.
jazzypants
Thank you! I remember the movies almost word-for-word, but I don't have a copy of the books anymore (I should fix that!)
jstummbillig
Sure. Heuristics are a thing, though. I love my non-chatgpt en/em dashes (option/option + shift + dash on a mac makes it convenient, given you know that it exists and care) but alas, when suddenly you see them everywhere, you do take notice.
lo_zamoyski
I refuse to change my writing style to keep people from assuming it's AI-generated!
dragonwriter
It's funny, because it was the "em-dashes mean AI" thing that finally reminded me to deal with the fact that the extension that I had been using for typographical dashes (and other things) on desktop browsing (the main place I used them on my desktop) had been broken for a while and get around to adding keyboard shortcuts instead.
Terr_
Or when on Windows, alt-0151.
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bongodongobob
Delve is especially bad because it was due to World of Warcraft introducing "Delves". When I see something like this that uses delve as an example, you can bet the research is going to be poor.
nozzlegear
I play WoW daily and this is what I always think of when someone brings up the word "delve". It's unclear if Brann would summon more or less nerubians if he were piloted by ChatGPT though.
recursivedoubts
Your absolutely right!
mrbonner
I intentionally put spelling mistakes in my doc to let others know I'm not using ChatGPT. What a time to be alive in which small spelling or grammar mistake is a good sign of authenticity.
yesco
I understand people being paranoid about this, but just understand that the people who will judge you for spelling errors will always dwarf the ones who believe they are capable of sniffing LLMs out...
ASalazarMX
Besides, it's too easy to ask LLMs to add a few spelling and grammar mistakes.
dakiol
Same. Also, when asked for anonymity at work, I usually make mistakes that do not correspond to my native tongue (let’s say I’m french and working in an international company. I would write comments in a supposedly anonymous survey like “He ist like…” to camouflage myself as german).
It’s so easy to trick everyone. People who doesn’t do that is just too lazy. In slack, you cannot just copy paste a two-paragraph answer directly from chatgpt if you’re answering a colleague. They will see that you’re typing an answer and suddenly 1 sec later you sent tons of text. It’s common sense.
QuantumNomad_
> I would write comments in a supposedly anonymous survey like “He ist like…” to camouflage myself as german
Do actual Germans ever make that kind of mistake though?
I’ve only ever seen “ist” used “wrongly” in that particular way by English speakers, for example in a blog post title that they want to remain completely legible to other English speakers while also trying to make it look like something German as a reference or a joke.
The only situation I could imagine where a German would accidentally put “ist” instead of “is”, is if they were typing on their phone and accidentally or unknowingly had language set to German and their phone autocorrected it.
Sometimes you get weird small things like that on some phones where the phone has “learned” to add most English words to the dictionary or is trying to intelligently recognise that the language being written is not matching the chosen language, but it still autocorrects some words to something else from the chosen language.
But I assume that when people fill out forms for work, they are typing on the work computer and not from their phone.
adastra22
Definitely a bad example. In spoken speech, yes. In writing I’ve never seen that. German tells in writing are more subtle like word choice — the German language has many cognates with English that are common in German but have fallen into disuse in English as they’ve been replaced with Latin-root alternatives.
gus_massa
I agree, the GP should at the end of the sentence the second verb insert.
thallium205
Yep I prompt my AI to do that too.
mrbonner
I tried but chatGPT either makes too many mistakes making me look stupid or completely ignore my prompt.
ASalazarMX
I asked Gemini flash for a 200-word paragraph on a random topic, which most people would confidently classify as LLM-generated. It produced a verbose, big-worded, third-person slop about the concept of time that IMO fulfilled my prompt (although a phillosopher firnd of mine would be a strong contestant).
> The concept of "time" is a multifaceted and complex topic that has captivated philosophers, physicists, and everyday individuals for centuries. From a scientific perspective, time can be understood as the fourth dimension of spacetime, inextricably linked with the three spatial dimensions. This notion, introduced by Einstein's theory of relativity, posits that the flow of time is not constant but can be influenced by gravity and velocity. In a more quotidian context, time is a framework for organizing events and measuring duration, allowing for the structuring of daily life and historical records. It is a fundamental element in every human endeavor, from a scheduled meeting to the progression of a civilization. The subjective experience of time, however, is a fascinating aspect, as it can feel as if it is speeding up or slowing down depending on our emotional state or the nature of our activities. This divergence between objective and subjective time highlights its elusive and deeply personal character.
I asked it to add three spelling mistakes, then to make it so most people would confidently classiffy it as human writing, and it changed to first-person and small words.
> Time is a super weird concept when you really think about it, right? It's like, one minute you're just chillin', and the next, a whole day's gone by. They say it's the fourth dimention, which is a wild idea on its own, but honestly, it feels more personal than that. Your experiance of time can totally change depending on what you're doing. A boring meeting can feel like it lasts forever, while a fun night with friends flies by in a flash. That huge diverence between how we feel time and how it actually works is what makes it so fascinating and kind of confusing all at once.
It has the three misspellings, and if the topic was more casual, It could fool me indeed. Maybe I should have asked for spelling mistakes commonly made by Spanish speakers.
tasty_freeze
This is an odd misuse of the term "buzzword." When I think of buzzword, I think of some trendy, cliched phrase, like "Foocorp is a force multiplier that actualizes your vision for maximum impact."
Using an ordinary but less commonly used word with greater than normal frequency does not make it a buzzword. After two years of chatgpt, "delve" is still not that common of a word.
abraham
Not to boast but this will surpass many an intricate topic and you should strategically delve into it before it garners meticulous attention.
rogerrogerr
Look it’s AGI!
Aurornis
> Words including “surpass,” “boast,” “meticulous,” “strategically,” and “garner” have also seen considerable increases in usage since the release of ChatGPT.
Okay everybody, add these to your list of words you can't use to avoid the trigger-happy AI accusers.
al_borland
Nope. These are all useful words. Anyone who thinks AI is needed to produce something with these words is probably not worth communicating with. I use the word “meticulous” all the time, and “strategically” is an extremely common word.
tennisflyi
They were joking...
rogerrogerr
You should be thankful for the AI “accusers”; most of us will just assume you used the slop machine and stop reading whatever you wrote without wasting our breath telling you about it.
Aurornis
> most of us will just assume you used the slop machine and stop reading whatever you wrote
From what I've seen, the people who jump to hasty conclusions about AI use mostly do it when they disagree with the content.
When the writing matches what they want to see, their AI detector sensitivity goes way down.
rogerrogerr
Wouldn't surprise me if that's true. I just treat any AI-smelling content as an information hazard that is _at best_ providing no useful entropy and stop reading it. Something about it is just so repulsive.
oasisaimlessly
Yeah, that's human nature.
esafak
Of course they affect people's communication patterns. Humans are social creatures, evolved to imitate.
AI has the potential to alter human behavior in ways that surpass even social media since it is more human, and thus susceptible to imitative learning.
bonoboTP
And it will always side with you if you describe any personal conflict, even more than Reddit AITA sub. So it will shape people's perception of decision making as well. And hence value systems.
Next time when you think about such a situation, you'll be able to expect what ChatGPT would say, giving you a boost in knowing how right you actually are.
My point is, it's not just word choice but thought patterns too.
lucaspauker
In a similar way, I tend to avoid em dashes now when I write, even though I used to use them a lot.
Taek
Just use normal dashes. AI's very notably always use the emdash—a double long dash with no spaces around it - but humans tend to use a single dash with spaces on either side.
The AI emdash is notably AI because most people don't even know how to produce the double long dash on their keyboard, and therefore default to the single dash with spaces method, which keeps their writing as quite visibly human.
adastra22
My keyboard turns double dashes into em dashes.
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al_borland
Don’t let AI dumb you down.
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freehorse
I had first noticed "meticulous" to be used a lot in translations from chinese. Is it sth about chinese itself (that they use sth a lot for which meticulous is the closest translation), or about some translation software that is possibly biased towards such buzzwords when translating to english?
ACCount37
A lot of those "ESL" patterns are cultural.
It's a mix of a cultural "founder effect" - whoever writes the English textbooks and the dictionaries gets to shape how English is learned in a given country - and also the usage patterns of the source language seeping through. In your case, it's mostly the latter.
Chinese has a common word with a fairly broad meaning, which often gets translated as "meticulous". Both by inexperienced humans and by translation software.
Ironically, a few Chinese LLMs replicate those Chinese patterns when speaking English. They had enough "clean" English in their pre-training datasets to be able to speak English. But LLMs are SFT'd with human-picked "golden" samples and trained with RLHF - using feedback from human evaluators. So Chinese evaluators probably shifted the LLMs towards "English with Chinese ESL influence".
willquack
I keep this handy note in my pocket and read it before writing or engaging in any conversation (:
""" You are a human. Never use words commonly used in AI vocabulary such as "delve", "intricate", "surpass", "boast", "meticulous", "strategically", and "garner". Never include em dashes or even hyphens in any text you write. Never include emojis in any text you write. Avoid using three supporting arguments or examples when describing something, always uses 2 or 4+ even if it sounds more awkward than 3. Make sure to include subtle grammar mistakes to feel more authentic. """
rokkamokka
Clearly ChatGPT is streets ahead
anigbrowl
I would have headlined this as 'American literacy improves slightly.'
"Recent large-scale upticks in the use of words like “delve” and “intricate” in certain fields, especially education and academic writing, are attributed to the widespread introduction of LLMs with a chat function, like ChatGPT, that overuses those buzzwords."
OK, but please don't do what pg did a year or so ago and dismiss anyone who wrote "delve" as AI writing. I've been using "delve" in speech for 15+ years. It's just a question where and how one learns their English.