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What makes you senior

What makes you senior

82 comments

·December 19, 2025

Aachen

Isn't that just called "being put in charge"? The causality seems reversed to me here, as in, you're not senior because you're reducing ambiguity, but you've either explicitly been made senior or just have tenure and now others come to you with questions about what you think makes sense. Consequence rather than cause

Or maybe that's just in egalitarian companies, like in tech where I'd ask a second opinion or technical input of just about anyone, whereas in other lines of business it's different? I imagine a water treatment facility has a lot more niche constraints to work with than we do and so expertise goes much deeper and you're not immediately prompted for advice

cod1r

I suffered with this problem quite often with my previous job. There would be something vague assigned to me and I didn't quite get what to do but I also felt like if I asked questions, it'd give off a vibe like I didn't know what I was doing so I would just start programming and making a bunch of assumptions.

That wasted a lot of time which is a lesson to be learned from.

I also struggled with self management.

dcminter

My superpower as a staff engineer was having zero shame in asking questions. Anything from "what does that abbreviation stand for?" through to "what will the traffic look like when we go live?" - mostly people are worried about looking ignorant, so weirdly this makes you look both knowledgeable and confident! I wish I'd known that when I was younger...

mooreds

Yes, this is so powerful.

One of my favorite moves is to ask a question that I feel has an obvious answer and then say "what am I missing?" Sometimes I am right, other times I am missing something.

Either way I'm modelling:

- that it's okay to ask questions to which the answer seems obvious

- that it is totally fine not to know everything

tintor

Schools don't teach this to students.

agumonkey

usually what i did is to take an abstract spec, derive thick layers / modules to decompose the problem, and then look at the deadline to see what MVP i can draw in that space.

whenever that mvp is not what was expected, if i'm lucky enough, the decomposition allows for easy adjustements to match the need

hamasho

  > The moment you hand them something fuzzy, though, like ...
  > “we should probably think about scaling”,
  > that’s when you see the difference.
Senior engineers should ask, "but do we need scaling? And if it does, how much needed now and future?" But I've seen a lot of seniors who jumped to implementing an unnecessarily complicated solution without questions, because they don't think about it too much, want to have fun, or just don't have energy to argue (I'm guilty myself).

wiseowise

Can someone who worked in multiple industries clarify: is it only software that has constant identity crisis with "what makes you X" and "what is expected of Y"?

The only thing that makes a senior are years of experience, that's all. You can be a shitty senior if you only do one thing for 10 years, but you're a senior nonetheless.

farcitizen

When everyone in the room wants to go in a certain direction. And you tell the team "9/10 times i did it that way it blew up in my face.", and you don't fight them and let it play out as a lesson. And there is still a 10% chance it could work!

tracerbulletx

This is not a positive behavior, also you should ask yourself why everyone wants to go against your position so often that you have a strategy like this in the first place.

butlike

why would you lose your army to something as stupid as 'i told you so?' Don't let them do it.

kcplate

Likely these are not “lose your army level” lessons. I’ve let idiots touch a hot pan if they’ve insisted to do it. I would not let someone pour gasoline on themselves and strike a match

wiseowise

Because it's not "your army" and there's no point in fighting meaningless wars. Just make a good effort to convey your point and if they still don't listen - let them learn their lesson.

alwa

I mean, the way I read the comment, it sounded like the advice was to give the team the benefit of your experience (and your skepticism), but not to let the past hamstring the present. Not so much "I told you so" as "the last time I felt what you're feeling, this is what I didn't know to expect down the road."

It is true for me to say "9 times out of 10, when I delegated a utility script to an LLM, it did something stupid," but my GPT3-era experience may be less relevant in an Opus 4.5 world. What is relevant is being able to share how it went on to become a problem, and how we might avoid those things if we decide to try that route this time.

johndoh42

Meanwhile the industry standard definition since the 80s:

- Junior - someone who can work under guidance.

- Regular - someone who can work alone.

- Senior - someone who can guide others.

agumonkey

I do wonder how seniors manage cultural / technical differences. If the junior is not responsive to guidance, advices, hints .. what else do you do

dijit

If juniors ignore guidance and advice, they stay in junior roles, handling simpler, less impactful tasks.

Everyone seeks career growth, but pushing for it too quickly often just leads to inflated titles without real substance.

It’s perfectly fine to remain a mid-level engineer for your entire career if it makes you happy; it’s solid, honest work that contributes meaningfully. Plenty of people in their 60s have held the same job for decades, and that’s okay; it can be a path to genuine satisfaction.

HPsquared

I don't want career growth, rather homeostasis. That is, growth that matches the rate of decay.

At most, maybe something like "tissue remodelling" to be lean, clean and flexible, so to speak, but not "big".

ip26

And what if no junior under a certain senior ever makes it past junior?

Any mentor type figure is going to be at least partially evaluated by progress of the mentees against some benchmark.

luckylion

> Everyone seeks career growth, but pushing for it too quickly often just leads to inflated titles without real substance.

That's why I'm not a big fan of recommending people to often and quickly change jobs to increase titles and pay. Their skills don't level up the same way, and they end up with a title of senior/lead developer and can't actually build maintainable systems or solve problems that nobody tells them the solution to.

nh23423fefe

let them fail and see if they change affect

everfrustrated

Yes but there is also a temporal component as well. A Senior should be able to do all their tasks and whatever else comes their way without needing guidance. To be able to do that requires a certain level of time in position.

butlike

nah, the tasks evolve as you get older. having a senior do all their tasks and whatever else without guidance sounds like free work. even the old people in the old folk's home get an assistant to help them take their pills!

HPsquared

That's a good functional definition. Verbs beat nouns for this kind of thing.

rented_mule

It's subtle, but I think the use of "senior" rather than "Senior" in the article is an attempt to distinguish the concept of being a senior engineer from the title of Senior Engineer. The article is focused on actually being senior, not playing title games. I'd take it further and use the term "leader" instead of "senior engineer".

Leaders reduce ambiguity, so others can operate with more clarity. The ambiguity involved can be in many different domains. It can be focused on product and tech, as in the article. Another example is ambiguity around people and organizational structure, which is more common in management roles, where some in management are more effective leaders than others. It can be around finding ways for people to understand why they might want a product, which is more common in sales and marketing roles. And so on.

onion2k

A very important skill for Senior engineers not mentioned in the article is an ability to take the initiative on something. For example, when a dev sees a bug in an area of code they aren't responsible for and thinks "I'll raise an issue for that and mention it to the product manager so we can get it fixed" instead of "Oh, a bug", then they're starting to show that senior mindset. It's a desire to make the whole of the software good rather than just the little bit they work on good.

agumonkey

beware, some cultures are territorial in nature and this kind of hard ownership will make people slap you if you ever try to improve things as they come.

i'm in the camp of improving things regularly without hesitation but again this can devolve. another way it can turn sour is when the team is made of people too different from each other. one improvement from someone pov is a waste or even a regression for others .. then it's a 'who decides here' conversation.

that said when you have a cohesive group all focusing on pushing in the same direction then it's bliss

juancn

If you're skilled enough, sometimes you can even force the culture to change. It can be painful and not all battles are worth it, but it's doable.

adhamsalama

I did this by constantly complaining about JavaScript and how TypeScript is so much better until some of my colleagues started writing new projects in TypeScript.

agumonkey

probably, that said i would love to hear stories on this

ps: even beyond work, that kind of knowledge is very important, culture is a form of abstract layer over a group, and it can make or break your future

bdangubic

I have literally never seen or thought of this as “senior” thing. if anyone on the team regardless of their seniority does not operate this way they will see a quick exit to some other place

zwnow

I am literally not allowed to fix bugs at work. Nothing senior about going rogue and showing initiative.

antonymoose

In that case I would ticket the specific bug with as much detail as possible for scheduling. Is that also not possible? That would sound like hell…

hoss1474489

I like this. I more generally look for reduces chaos.

I’ve seen the pursuit of disambiguation employed to deadlock a project. Sometimes that’s the right thing to do—the project sponsor doesn’t know what they want. But many times the senior needs to document some assumptions and ship something rather than frustrating the calendars of 15 people trying to nail down some exact spec. Knowing whether to step on the brake or the gas for the benefit of the team and company is a key senior trait.

This is a yes, and to the article; building without understanding the problem usually will increase chaos—though sometimes the least effort way through it is to build a prototype, and a senior would know when to do that and how to scope it.

ChrisMarshallNY

Eh. Whenever someone posts something like this, you get a bunch of folks, stating how they meet that description, etc. Sometimes, they do it humbly, sometimes, not.

In my case, I met that description on my first job, and I guarantee, I was not senior.

You see, my initial training was as an electronic technician (RF/microwave stuff).

That thought process described, was exactly what they trained us to do. Debugging a wonky RF board is about as ambiguous as you can get.

So maybe there's a different definition of "senior."

terrillw

Great article. The key things often missing in meetings discussing a vague problem is do we really understand the problem and how do we make concrete progress. Its a hard skill and often just comes through experience - being able to put yourself in the user's shoes to understand their problem, and knowing based on past experience, how to execute. That is the value of seniority.