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The ROI of Exercise

The ROI of Exercise

107 comments

·August 23, 2025

koolba

> We know from one study that people who played tennis a few times per week lived roughly 10 years longer than average. So we'll use that value going forward.

There has to be some incredible correlation between having the time and money to play tennis “a few times per week” and being significantly wealthier than the average person. And being wealthy is clearly the healthiest thing you can do.

tonyedgecombe

[delayed]

javier2

Also, if you have health issues, you will not be playing tennis twice a week. Plus tennis is on the expensive to stay active in when you need a club membership and courts to play.

bluGill

Every town I've lived in has free courts in a park that anyone can use.

rs186

These days they are often repurposed for pickleball in the US.

GoRudy

Depends on the health issues. In the US, northeast and Florida at least there are many free courts almost everywhere. And plenty of older folks with small or medium health issues still find the time and motivation to play.

almost_usual

There are plenty of wealthy people who are unhealthy.

Wake up at 4:30am and go for a run. You’re already accomplishing more at that point in the day than most wealthy people who are comfortably laying in bed.

The hard thing is doing the thing. Just do, that’s it.

aeve890

>Wake up at 4:30am

About that, what hours people that wake up at 4.30 am go to bed? If they're so conscious about their well being I'd assume at least 8 hours of sleep, so maybe they go to bed at... 8~9 pm? my question is what do they do to end their day at 9pm? If you work 9-5, you have just 4 hours left after work. Less if you commute, have dinner and a "go to be" routine of maybe 30 min. How about social life after work? Run errands? In my case, if I need to do anything out of my house it has to be after work hours (because almost everything is closed between 6am and 9am when I start work).

So, what's the secret?

kqr

You seem to be forgetting that insufficient sleep is also unhealthy.

seeEllArr

Don't wake up at 430 unless you went to bed early. A full night of sleep is crucially important.

giantg2

Very much this. While tennis has become more accessible and lower cost over time, it has always been an expensive sport.

ceejayoz

Honest question: Why?

There's a free court near me, and both balls and racquets can be gotten for peanuts.

cpursley

They're talking from a North American perspective (probably). In most of Europe, there are plenty of outdoor and other free exercise opportunity. Another downside of the incorrect build environment (poor city planning) is that Americans simply don't have built-in ways to move their bodies. When I spent time in Eastern Europe, there was literally a free tennis/basketball court across the street. And a variety of other courts, including outdoor gym. And when house sitting around, there was nearly always an outdoor park with greenspace for strolling, exercise. All free.

kqr

Tennis requires a certain proficiency to have fun with. Beginners tend to have trouble getting the ball reliably across the net onto the other player. This proficiency takes time to build. Thus, unless one makes a big up-front time investment, tennis is not particularly good exercise. Up-front time investments are expensive.

Also one cannot tennis alone. Anything one must practise with a partner is more expensive due to scheduling requirements.

impossiblefork

Tennis is very difficult though. One of the highest barrier to entry sports skill-wise.

Non-athletic adult people can't step onto a tennis court and consistently get the ball back to you, even if you hit it to them.

I thought Padel was easy, but when I organized a Padel after-work I saw that that was not reality, and Padel is much easier than tennis.

flatb

The Williams sisters started playing tennis in Compton. Tennis is cheap, but not so culturally accessible.

esperent

> has always been an expensive sport

Since I've been a child, living in multiple countries across Europe and Asia, there's always been either free or cheap tennis courts near me. I don't even play tennis much and I know this, I'm sure if I was searching I'd find way more low cost options.

It's more likely that the demographic who play tennis tends to be wealthy, rather than the sport itself being expensive.

esafak

I just charge it to the Underhills.

throwaway22032

If you're disciplined enough to put something in your calendar and do it over a period of months, without someone breathing down your neck to do so, whether you feel like doing it or not, then you are likely able to apply that effort in other areas of life.

So then it's a bidirectional correlation. You're more likely to be fit if you are wealthy and more likely to be wealthy if you are fit.

Essentially, what you're looking at is that people who engage in self improvement end up better off than those who don't.

It's a priori obvious but some people are uncomfortable with it for some reason - trauma response / coping mechanism, something like that.

mehulashah

100%. There’s no point in nitpicking on this post. There’s an outsized return on exercise and it’s measurable. People don’t get — especially young people — that exercise is like eating, sleeping, and pooping. Your body needs it in regular intervals otherwise its carefully balanced system goes out of whack.

heresie-dabord

Further, people don't know enough about the deadly effects of obesity, high blood pressure, and the big killer:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosis

Exercise is vital!

"Atherosclerosis generally starts when a person is young and worsens with age. Almost all people are affected to some degree by the age of 65. It is the number one cause of death and disability in developed countries. Though it was first described in 1575, there is evidence suggesting that this disease state is genetically inherent in the broader human population, with its origins tracing back to CMAH genetic mutations that may have occurred more than two million years ago during the evolution of hominin ancestors of modern human beings."

lazarus01

I can share a very simple incentive for exercise.

As you age, you will lose lean muscle and bone density. But you do have some control in maintaining a healthy level of strength for your elder years.

You can maintain strength and density by engaging in resistance training.

The total amount of training required is up for debate. I follow Dr. Peter Attia and he discusses needing about 1 hr a week of resistance training.

The other aspect of maintaining strength is protein intake. Dr. Attia describes it as a “chore”, that is to consume 1g of protein supplement for each pound of body mass. That’s a lot!

Think about your future, do you want to be strong and mobile into your later years? I see older unhealthy people walking the streets and don’t envisage myself letting that happen.

You must take good care of yourself and put in the time to exercise and eat properly.

CalRobert

I am embarrassed to admit I always thought people focused too much on protein and it was bro science but I also never managed to get stronger despite resistance training. Then in my forties I finally started eating 150-180 g of protein a day and doing resistance training to exhaustion a couple days a week and the difference has been huge. I wish I’d done this 20 years ago.

lazarus01

That’s fantastic! Don’t beat yourself up. What’s important is that you're taking good care of yourself today! You took control!

Balgair

Anecdata:

I hated exercise. Still do. People talk about a glow or a good feeling after exercise. My SO does too. I never felt it.

Until I dieted down to being 'at weight' not overweight. Only then did it feel good to exercise, and only then after I exercised. The act itself is still a terrible experience.

I've put on weight again and, yep, I hate exercise now. But now I know there is a light at the end of the dieting and weightless tunnel. Without the experimental results, I would never have known.

So, its not that I don't trust the science here, I mean, how can I refute it? It's just that my lived experience says that I'm a freak and I'm sitting out on the end of some bell curve or whatever. I know that it got a high ROI, that's why I did these weight loss experiments in the first place. It's just that for some reason, my body and mind hate exercise until I get down to healthy levels.

Thanks for letting me share this.

speedgoose

You may want to find some activities you enjoy while doing them.

I don't know what you tried, but sometimes a small variation is enough to make it fun and rewarding during the exercise. For example, I find slow road running pretty boring. The only value is doing exercise and relaxing my brain. I gave up many times. But replace the roads by challenging technical single tracks, and I'm very happy and havn't gave up in years.

ruslan_sure

Physical activity increases lifespan primarily by lowering the likelihood of falling and breaking your hip. If you break your hip, your life expectancy is dramatically reduced. If that's your goal, just train your legs!

That said, I think the most important part of exercising is the mental boost it provides. It's like a healthy drug. There are no negative side effects, and it's highly praised by society.

dachris

That's certainly not the only (and I'd also not put it as primary) reason for extending the lifespan.

Still, breaking one's hip in advanced age is often a death sentence as many people never get out of bed again.

When an old person breaks their hip around here, people say something along the lines of "we'd better hurry up for visiting them one last time".

DebtDeflation

There's also a lot of reverse causation here. Healthy people don't fall very often and when they do they generally don't break their hips. Falling frequently and suffering broken hips when falling are both general signs of poor systemic health and overall fragility which portend a short remaining lifespan regardless.

firesteelrain

You aren’t wrong. Train your legs and walk. Don’t sit in the recliner when you retire. 7000-10000 steps a day helps

reckoner99

To me, exercise is compounding in action. Each workout may feel small in isolation, but like interest accruing, the benefits multiply invisibly over years. Extra vitality today, resilience tomorrow, and ultimately, more time across decades.

kobstrtr

> that's about 8,500 hours of exercise, or about a year of solid physical activity

These comparisons are crap. You can‘t simply take one year, exercise 24/7, and get your 10 years of life. You have to fit it into life, which is much more time than it seems from claiming it‘s 1 year out of 80.

But it‘s still a good investment! :)

kelnos

That's a perfectly valid comparison. A year's worth of hours is still a year's worth of hours, regardless of what time span I spread it over.

We use this sort of formulation everywhere. If I say I work 40 hours a week, no one is going to assume that I start work at 9am on Monday, work non-stop until 1am Wednesday, and then take the rest of the week off. If I say that people spend approximately a third of their lives sleeping, no one thinks I mean that they sleep continuously from birth until they're 30 years old, and then spend the next 60 years awake.

sersi

The point is that it's 8500 hours of free time used for exercise. It's time when you're not eating sleeping or working.

So it's not exactly the same. For people who have very little free time due to commute, work, children, etc. It's harder to spend half an hour of free time a day on exerciaing.

I mean I do agree with the premise that exercising is a good return (especially since the better sleep quality should be factored in) but I think the person you're replying to has a point when he says that saying it's one year of life is not really comparable

donatj

> Less pain

Is there anything to back this up? The people I know who work out are always complaining about their muscles and joints.

kelnos

There's a difference between soreness and pain. My muscles get sore all the time from exercise, but it's not painful. That soreness just tells me I'm probably going to be a little bit stronger because of the exercise I just did. (Of course it's a continuum: certain higher levels of soreness mean I probably overdid it.)

Joint pain is a whole other thing, though. Usually joint pain means that you're doing some sort of exercise incorrectly, or that you're using too much weight or intensity for your current level of physical fitness. Or you have a previous injury that can't fully heal and there are some exercises that you just shouldn't be doing, but you do them anyway.

But I think the author is talking about less pain in a different way. For example, I threw out my lower back 25 years ago in college, and it's never been the same since. But doing core exercises and strengthening the muscles around that area means much less chance of pain doing regular day-to-day activities.

ruslan_sure

Soreness isn't ideal. It won't make you stronger. Actually, it might make your recovery slower.

fercircularbuf

First time I've ever heard that soreness = something wrong. Isn't soreness basically guaranteed to some degree if you've done enough work to actually build strength?

cpursley

There's a big difference between recovery pain and chronic pain. Also, if someone has joint pain, they are doing the wrong exercises. For example, running trashes my knees, but biking does not. Also, picking up heavy shit (weights - squats and deadlifts) is the only thing that resolved lower back pain (from sitting all day).

j_bum

I’m in the same exact boat with deadlifts helping my back pain from my desk job.

cadamsdotcom

Some ways to exercise avoid injury & get results, and some.. don’t.

I’m a triathlete of 4 years now - love to be sore but have never been injured & unable to train.

There are three things you must do:

1. good technique: lift with the right muscles, run at the right cadence & target heart rate.

2. listen to your body when it needs less or more load.

3. treat recovery as equally important as exercise itself. Exercise’s mirror.

That said, instead of actual complaints, your friends might be social signaling! Bringing it up to bond over the joy of exercise. Humans do that subconsciously, and there is a ton of joy to bond over!

DSingularity

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kelnos

Why do people feel the need to waste time commenting about whether or not a comment is LLM-generated?

If you think the comment doesn't belong here, downvote or flag it. That goes for things you think are LLM-generated or human-generated. Commenting about LLM-generated speculation is just noise, and I regret spending this time replying to you on this topic when I could be doing absolutely anything else.

donalhunt

From personal experience strength training has been key to recovering from injuries (caused by doing stupid things, not exercise itself). So maybe the correlation between exercise and pain is incorrect? The exercise is the cure to the pain...

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-5753318/v1 (pre-print) seems to provide a strong argument for strength training being beneficial. My search was not thorough so likely more studies out there.

brightball

When you start working out, you will have soreness in your muscles from lactic acid because your body isn’t used to it.

Once you get in a routine of doing it at least twice a week you won’t get that soreness anymore. People who start working out, then miss a month, then start back experience it all the time. Consistency is key.

ants_everywhere

Every life long runner I know has had a serious knee problem or other injury.

But I think running is higher impact on the body that a lot of of other exercise. You're putting your full body weight on a small area several times a second for many minutes every day.

user68858788

Anecdotally, weight training eliminated my chronic shoulder and hip pains from sitting at a desk. I’ve read several similar stories but I’d be interested to see studies on this.

m_fayer

For me personally: My fitness routines are regular but sloppy.

I’m often complaining about soreness here, a lightly pulled there, a big joint that needs to be left alone for a few days. It’s annoying but also even kinda satisfying, and I know how to avoid serious injury.

I’m not complaining about lower back pain because my fitness activity has rid me of it. That pain would have stopped me from being able to move easily, work on my cabin, play with children, and would have eventually made me overweight and chronically ill.

The tradeoff is really a no-brainer in my case, and I don’t think my case is so unique.

almost_usual

The mental toughness, discipline, and higher energy levels that come with exercise are more important to me than physical appearance or living longer, and at this point almost anything else in life.

Wake up at 4am, run hill repeats for miles and then go into work. I guarantee no incident or colleague will trigger a stress response. You will feel as cool as a cucumber and when an urgent issue does come up you will handle it with absolute mental clarity. That afternoon drowsiness will also not hit you at all, counterintuitive right?

By 9pm you will fall asleep no matter what happened that day.

This kind of work gives you an edge on everyone. You look at things and say, “shit this is easy compared to what I did this morning” and you will feel mentally fresh.

Schiendelman

I usually lift rather than run, but I do the same thing, and it has changed my life. Up at 4 every day, and lift at 5. It makes everything else easier, I agree.

I do get in bed at 7:30p most nights and read, to ensure my body has the choice to get 8h of sleep.

zoover2020

Amen. What is the routine that works for you?

weregiraffe

By 9pm? A lot of people will need to go to bed at 8pm to survive this schedule.

p1esk

I wake up at 7am, take kids to school, go to a gym 8-9, go for a swim in the ocean 9:15-9:45, start working at 10. Feel great.

porridgeraisin

I always wondered how routines like this work (not the activities themselves, but the timings)

If you swim till 9.45, how are you out, bathed, dried, changed, home, and at your table by 10?

chaostheory

If you’re struggling with exercise and with getting it into a routine, I can’t recommend standalone, wireless VR enough. It was fun and engaging enough to keep me coming back without feeling that I was doing a boring chore, and nearly every game has you moving, with the exception of the flying and driving sims.

Imagine fighting ninjas and dodging bullets as your workout. You can literally get that and more with VR.

It was my gateway back into fitness.

JKCalhoun

Stepmania [1] (open DDR clone) just requires a (decent) dance pad, no VR. That's as good a work you as you'll get from a game, I suspect.

[1] https://www.stepmania.com/download/

liampulles

I'm curious about this so I hope you'll indulge a few questions:

1) What kind of free space do you need? 2) What would you recommend in terms of headset if one plans to be swinging around a lot?

Maximus9000

Can you recommend any specific games that meet these requirements? I don't have VR, but I remember playing "Super hot VR" and getting a surprisingly good workout from that game.

carpool4268

It sounds like they're talking about pistol whip.

If I can promote one myself, Synth Riders can be a hell of a workout. People like comparing it to beat saber. Unlike beat saber, there's no swords, so there's a lot less wrist movement and a lot more arm/full-body movement. It feels a lot like dancing while you're doing it. I'm no great fan of exercise, but if I'm not careful I can exercise myself deep past exhaustion in this one -- especially on the harder difficulty charts.

And beyond that there's a mode where you punch the notes instead of trying to catch them. I haven't tried it, but that sounds even more demanding.

But aside from anything else, it's just fun! Great option for training cardio, it really works out the arms.

ajuc

Or you know just get audiobook on your phone and walk.

null

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