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Internet in a Box

Internet in a Box

100 comments

·April 27, 2025

audiodude

Volunteer for Kiwix here (https://kiwix.org), we do a lot of offline Wikipedia stuff. I've personally worked on MWOffliner (https://github.com/openzim/mwoffliner) which scrapes MediaWikis, primarily Wikipedia.

We have apps for basically every platform. Our PWA even supports IE 11!

You can use the WP1 tool which I'm the primary maintainer of (https://wp1.openzim.org/#/selections/user) to create "selections" which let you have your own custom version of Wikipedia, using categories that you define, WikiProjects, or even custom SPARQL queries.

freedomben

Neat, thanks! I'm CTO of Ameelio (non-profit) and have been eyeing Kiwix for awhile. Getting content to incarcerated people is a unique challenge due to the exceptional security requirements, and an offline solution like kiwix might fit in well. Being able to narrow down categories is a huge capability for us. Thank you!

gehwartzen

Just wanted to comment on what a great mission Ameelio seems to have! Glad you guys are helping some of the most unseen in our society. Kudos!

Brajeshwar

I’ve encountered a few instances (mostly friends) who have done similar ideas. Around 2007 - 2012 (ish) many corners of India were yet to have access to the Internet (Jio hasn't introduced super cheap, almost free Internet). A few friends did like download Wikipedia and take it to these corners and teach kids.

In my case, a friend/colleague Freeman Murray,[1] had that idea and I told him I will try in my hometown (one of the most remote corner of India). We did and I got a few young kids to be the maintainer, have a few desktop (not Laptop) that they carry around and watch videos to learn to program. It was good while it lasted. Now, those isolated places that I was scared to go alone when I was a kid have fiber Internet connections.

On a fun note, I do have a picture of an "Internet in a Box". This was Detroit in the mid 2000s. https://www.flickr.com/photos/brajeshwar/113742187/in/album-...

1. https://www.mars.college

VikingCoder

So if I bought the $58 one from the Wikipedia Store...

What exact solar products (panels, battery, converter?) would I need to buy, near Chicago, to run one of these 24/7, year round, and let's say it's gotta be up and running most of the time - say, 99% of the time. (That means it can be down over 3 days a year, and still be acceptable to me.)

jzemeocala

I actually did something just like this with the second raspberry pi and an offline copy of Wikipedia.

Although I don't know this devices specs I recall being able to reliably power the pi 2b + a 3.5 inch touchscreen with a random 15,000mah solar power Bank from amazon

pastage

This is not for that kind of setup, this is more of a button you press to get internet when you need it IMHO. It is 1 watt idle, so you need 24Wh to keep it running if there is no sun. On bad short days you might get 5% of solar power. A battery system might lose you 30% on that. Uptime is not primarily an technical issue, it depends on what your goals, skills and needs are.

gioazzi

Brilliant concept! I recently met the fine folks at Beekee who make something rather similar: https://beekee.ch/beekeebox/

It's an apparently simple problem on the surface, but quite hard to get it right... I once worked on a wireless network deployment for a transit refugee camp, and at least that was built on the assumption that some sort of Internet connection would be available at all times, making remote management possible. And even then it was tough to manage considering all other constraints.

I can only imagine how hard it is to deliver this kind of service reliably when Internet is rarely if ever available.

myself248

Ooo, there's another one to look at. There seem to be a bunch of these with variously-overlapping goals. Two more I'm aware of:

https://bibliosansfrontieres.gitlab.io/olip/olip-documentati...

https://wrolpi.org/

And I feel like the PirateBox concept is sort of adjacent.

nobodyknowin

I saw a local agency demo their use of the pirate box for Wildland firefighting.

They had a GIS team working on mapping updates to fire lines, cut lines, dozer paths, crew assignments, etc. And as required they'd upload everything to the pirate box and the commanders / captains could download the maps to their tablets.

Amazing stuff all without internet.

Bengalilol

Did you meet Beekee in Geneva?

I bet those kind of boxes work very well when there are less than 30 connections at once. All in all, if it is about accessing useful information, I think this is somehow brilliant (as you wrote).

syncsynchalt

The article is about devices that don't use internet access — they provide a shallow copy of wikipedia, learning sites, and the infrastructure for devices to connect and use these as if they were connected to the full network.

ChrisMarshallNY

I thought they meant this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDbyYGrswtg

Chuckles aside, it's a cool concept.

Brajeshwar

al_borland

I have a very similar picture from The Henry Ford. Ars Technica unboxed it and tried it out.

https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/10/openi...

jasoneckert

The Internet has been stored safe on my desk since that time: https://jasoneckert.github.io/myblog/i-created-the-internet/...

dmonitor

Their device should definitely have a big red light on top of it

jauntywundrkind

Vaguely interesting, but I am far more interested in actual connective technology.

The Commotion "Internet in a Suitcase" project (~2012) was much more up my alley. Is much more the sort of thing I wish that, for example the State Department would still fund.

> Commotion relies on several open source projects: OLSR, OpenWrt, OpenBTS, and Serval project.

So, mesh, wifi, cellular, and voice technologies, packaged onto semi affordable hardware... That's the real stuff! That's what democratic values should look like, that'a what we could build that would embody our (USA's) founding principles, would fight tyrant info-control.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commotion_Wireless

yapyap

I think that giving the poor(er) people access to just the information that’s accessible on the internet, like Wikipedia, like Khan academy to learn programming. Is so much more helpful than handing them access to “the internet” as in what the internet is for people in the rich parts of the western world.

Sure, we can hand them access to all of the internet and have them scrolling social media till they’re hollow people and earn money by doing anything cause they have seen the way you can live in luxury and start idolizing that. Or you give them just the useful parts of the internet.

flaburgan

With the crazy news we have those past months, I actually started to wonder what would happen if internet went offline "for real" (let's say, several weeks) here in developed countries. I know we can easily download Wikipedia and Openstreetmap. But what else? And how to share it? I can do a hotspot home, but would my neighbors understand it? I would need some kind of captive portal to tell them when they connect to me. And then, could they repeat the hotspot, to build a mesh? I know there are projects to do that, but what do they accomplish exactly? I remember 10 years ago, in Ubutu, Empathy was allowing me to chat with people connected to the same network than me. No account, no registration. That would be very useful. Does the Pirate box do all of that? How extensible is it?

kilroy123

I've gone a step further, I have built a 50 TB NAS and I'm loading up as much as I possibly can.

aspectmin

I’d love some detail on your setup. Which NAS, which drives? Key data sets? (Would love to build one myself)

kilroy123

I have 4 Seagate Exos X18 14TB drives crammed into a JONSBO N2 Black NAS ITX Case. 2 TBs of SSDs, and 64 GB of RAM. (Going to double the ram soon)

9x39

Too little bandwidth and too few nodes to do this in the sense I think you mean.

You can build a hotspot and try setting up meshes with any of the available hardware or software packages out there, but you're going to end up being the gatekeeper to the service. HAM radio ends up working out the same way, as I understand. It's just too technical for people to have this spring up collectively without a single person or team doing everything.

Lack of tech experience to even know how to build a mesh let alone prioritize its limited bandwidth is why the general public isn't going to assist.

>And then, could they repeat the hotspot, to build a mesh? I know there are projects to do that, but what do they accomplish exactly?

Yes, pretty much. The problem is poor definition of the problem, though.

What are we trying to solve? A way to send trickles of comms out, like "Mom and Dad, we're alive?" or "We have life-threatening casualties at x',y'?" Emergency kiosk to send emails one at a time? Doable if you have an Internet source like a Starlink, or any other uplink that's still up somehow.

Or is to restore the "Internet" as generally known, which might as well be synonymous with YouTube and Netflix and web browsing for people. You and your system would be overwhelmed as soon as your mesh comes up.

ericb

I would add an LLM like QwQ-32B to the mix--that has a ton of compressed knowledge embedded in it.

I would also store it in a steel Oscar the Grouch style trash can for a cheap faraday cage, which gets you protection from solar flares, and EMP blasts.

int_19h

LLMs are a bad deal when you look at how much power you need to run that inference. A device that could barely run one instance of QwQ-32B at glacial speeds will be able to serve multiple concurrent users of Kiwix.

ericb

To serve multiple users, probably not.

But--if you don't think of asking Hacker News every single thing you need to know beforehand, I think you still want the LLM to answer questions and help you bootstrap it.

int_19h

AREDN can give you a mesh running standard internet protocols on fairly cheap hardware - they have firmware that can be flashed on small USB-powered GL-iNet devices such as Beryl:

https://www.arednmesh.org/content/supported-devices-0

It's self-configuring, too - as soon as the node spins up, it will automatically find and connect to nearby nodes and start routing.

pixl97

I started in the ISP business and did Wisp stuff for a while so doing this wouldn't be too difficult for me. Hardest thing would be scaling it with the average equipment and user would have.

tarruda

I wonder if it is possible to have some kind of P2P protocol similar to BitTorrent where one can seed incremental snapshots of subsets of the internet.

Something like the internet archive, but fully decentralized.

metasj

Sounds like something r/datahoarders would be / may already be into.

netsharc

I remember encountering this project: https://piratebox.cc/faq , I even still have a compatible hardware at home.

I wonder if allowing it to have instant messaging (including offline asynchronous messaging) would change how people in a small community communicate each other. I wonder if, for one, it would induce Internet trolling.

BLKNSLVR

I have one of these, not in operation but could deploy by just plugging into power and attaching it to a higher gain antenna. It does have a message-baord type function included, but it's anonymous and there's no sign-in so there's also no way to administer it or edit / delete your own messages (piratebox is a product of a more innocent age, maybe). It's also possible to upload files to it, anonymously.

Both of these things make me worry about liability in the event of the type of jerks where the term "jerk" is possibly the nicest way to describe the person.

(I have it on a GL.Inet Mango device and it took me a lot of digging to find the install binaries and instructions, and I don't even know if said binaries and instructions specific to the Mango exist anymore - I don't have the time / energy / motivation to try to dig it up again, I remember there were lots of trails that led to almost the right information)

blacksmith_tb

Doesn't seem likely - the key to trolling is lack of accountability, in a small community everyone would know you were being a jerk?

netsharc

What if the system allowed anonymous accounts?

It'd be interesting if one had to go visit an admin (in real life) to get an account, and accounts are really associated with people.

esseph

Some people REALLY like jerks.

asdefghyk

A feature that would be good to have is if a "Internet in a Box" could also store the update files for serving to other "internet in Box" machines.

( However having worked as a technical software tester in similar systems for over 20 years , its probably to complex to implement reliably, being able to handle all the edge cases. Is my GUESS )

iwantonething

I would love a little box that contains a huge database of info with an LLM on top that I could use offline.

Sparkyte

Title reminds me of that time Moss introduces Jen to the internet.

pryelluw

I don’t think the elders of the internet would mind.

gnabgib

Popular in:

2023 (356 points, 120 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35750165

2021 (620 points, 142 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27568332

kh_hk

Seeing the demo I noticed it looks like this "prepper disk" that was submitted days ago https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43790409

Makes me think the prepper disk was maybe a rebrand of internet in a box without proper attribution?

entropie

> PrepperDisk is similar to a DIY, open-source project that started in 2012 called Internet in a Box and which has become popular in rural areas in developing countries where internet access is sparse. The idea is basically that you can carry around an external hard drive-sized, mini version of the internet with you that creates a local network your phone or laptop can access.

> https://www.404media.co/sales-of-hard-drives-prepper-disk-fo...

From the hn-thread. You might be right.

prepperdisk

We are actually IIAB partners, we attribute to all the various OOS projects (Kiwix, IIAB)in our credits and comply with all the licensing. Our goal was just to make those packages polished as a consumer product and add newer content (some licensed and some commissioned ).

blacksmith_tb

Curious why you went with a 512GB SD card for the Prepperdisk, instead of a usb drive? I guess it might make the enclosure bigger, but every RPi thing I have built has been undone by SD card corruption (unless I used the overlay filesystem).

SamBam

I'm not really sure I understand how a "Prepper Box" is different from an external hard drive. Unlike the devices in TFA, which are meant for many students in a classroom using at once, this seems to be more of a single-person-looking-up-things concept.