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Coding as Craft: Going Back to the Old Gym

ericyd

I also appreciate the craft of coding. My suspicion is that eventually it just won't be a thing anymore, even though such a future is not my preference. Not that humans will be completely removed from coding, but writing every line yourself will just be incredibly uncommon and not industry standard. I'm not good at predicting, this is just where my gut is right now.

rco8786

This is a similar reaction folks had to autocomplete/intellisense when it came out also. "What you just press tab and get all the possible options. Psh, how about reading the docs like the rest of us did?". I think AI is a pretty big step function up in terms of the computer's capability to predict the code you want - but at the end of the day we'll still be writing code (I think. I hope).

mvieira38

Overreliance on intellisense does worsen your abilities, though, especially when dealing with complex packages and APIs. So does stack overflow. In my domain of data science and finance, it is VERY noticeable when someone doesn't actually understand how Pandas and Numpy work, for example, and how to write good vectorized solutions to their problems

__mharrison__

It doesn't help that AI generally creates very mediocre Pandas code (based on a lot of the training data showing mediocre practices).

ericyd

You might be right that intellisense is to blame, but my suspicion is that some people are just worse at writing code and it isn't really about the available tools.

alanfranz

With the difference that intelli* is usually correct - i.e. it fetches all the possible methods from actual code, and you can see the related api docs. It’s another view for the same data (more or less - of course there can be docs other than api docs)

With AI you’ve got no idea whether something is right, it’s a probablistic thing

That’s why I don’t buy the “AI as just another abstraction layer” argument. AI is something different and we should use it differently.

skydhash

I also wonder if people truly learned their IDE. Even xCode with all its warts have nice feature for completion, debugging, profiling, documentation,…

It seems like all they know is VS Code which is neither a good editor, nor a good IDE.

ferguess_k

I think Copilot (and all other AI coding variant) is different from auto-complete. Auto-complete just give you function names, variable names, but AI coding can write whole block or even file of code, if you so wish.

By the same principle, I also think advancement in AI is different from other technological advancement. Even the invention of computer is at most on par with AI if AI is able to walk far. People always try to use the train-horse analogue but I think we will see a gloom future in the next 5-10 years -- especially when the whole world is not turning to the left, but to the right.

Now that US and China and everyone else are competing on AI, that future might come earlier than I thought.

kevmo314

I do read the docs a lot less now though with IntelliSense, so if my craft were reading and understanding docs I'd probably be measurably disappointed by this future.

beej71

Aside: I can't stand popups when I'm coding. I always have to change it to something more manual or it just breaks up my flow. ^K to bring up a man page from vim is great--that's what I'm after.

bitbasher

I think there's a fundamental difference.

Autocomplete and intellisense are tools first and foremost. AI is centralized into a handful of companies you are forced to pay every month for.

Autocomplete and intellisense don't care about your data. There's an inherent issue with data, privacy and ownership when it comes to AI.

If we can run useful models locally and make it generally available on consumer hardware... things would be different.

pyfon

This sort if makes me want to learn Lisp. Maybe if every line packs a lot of punch and you need fewer of them, you can do things AI can't do yet. I think AI would struggle with Lisp since in Lisp, you engineer a language for the task. AI tends to be good on languages it is trained on. For now!

lisp51

I find Lisp particularly powerful as well. We use Clojure on a daily basis, and the guide that helped us a lot in getting started was Brave Clojure -- https://www.braveclojure.com/ -- going through it was fun and didn't take long. In my experience though LLM tools don't have much difficulty writing Lisp any more than other languages. However, when they hallucinate it's pretty bad: either spitting something completely off-mark, or mixing up params (and other hard to detect details), so that might be the struggle you're wondering about.

tmtvl

If you're ever bored for a weekend I'd recommend reading through the Reasoned Schemer, or at least the final chapter and the appendices to see how a simple Kanren can be implemented. It's what got me to properly appreciate macros.

sitkack

I think the best way to learn Lisp is to make a Lisp.

Two routes, I would recommend both.

https://github.com/kanaka/mal

https://t3x.org/

qoez

This has been happening for a long time though. No one has written every single line of a program since the 80s. Every one line of a JS function call can boil down to hundreds or thousands of asm lines. Same thing happens here with english to asm.

ericyd

Ok... Edit my comment to say "writing the bulk of your business logic yourself will be incredibly uncommon."

jagira

I love writing code. I recently tried refactoring some modules using AI agents. The amount of time it took me explaining requirements to AI, reviewing the code it generated and fixing the mistakes was not trivial. And, it didn't feel as joyful as figuring it out and coding it manually.

If AI writes majority of code, then we will stop seeing shortcomings of existing tools, libraries and frameworks and eventually stop having new frameworks or libraries.

Would there be rails if DHH vibe coded 25 years ago? Or would there be library like delayed_job if Tobi vibe coded back when he started Shopify?

no_wizard

It’s arguably not a thing now and hasn’t been since the mid 2010s at the latest.

I blame the proliferation of MBAs but regardless of cause management killed software engineering as a true craft once they co-opted what agile development means and threw proper testing out the window and wanted devs to become turn key feature factories

bobbyraduloff

Very good article. I try to (respectfully) push my coworkers in this direction but it’s a bit of a lost cause.

I work mostly on small codebases and you can smell unchecked AI codegen from a mile away. Even small changes become giant refactors.

People who push this have never had to work in such codebases. God forbid your requirements change mid project. Rarely does the sum of separate prompts without full context result in something maintainable and modifiable. You’re cooked.

JSR_FDED

For me it’s not complicated when to use AI. If the task is something where having fluency will make me significantly more productive and nimble in the future, then I’ll go the old gym way.

It’s like communicating in a foreign language- you can do it with AI, but if it’s an essential element of your job then you’re going to invest the time to learn it so it becomes part of you.

o1o1o1

This article really hit home—especially this part from the conclusion:

> In a world pushing for “reflexive AI usage,” I’m advocating for something different: thoughtful, intentional collaboration with AI that preserves the essence of coding as a craft. > ... > Like Rocky, we sometimes need to step away from the comfortable, civilized environment and return to the old gym – the place where real growth happens through struggle, persistence, and focused practice.

> Because coding isn’t just about output. It’s about the journey of becoming better problem solvers, better thinkers, and better engineers. And some journeys can’t be outsourced, even to the most advanced AI.

But here’s the reality: those ideals feel increasingly out of reach. Business demands and short-term thinking rarely leave room for “intentional” or “thoughtful” work. For many of us, having time to grow as engineers is a luxury.

Worse, it’s often personal. I’ve had to carry the weight for friends in crisis, pretending two people were working just to help someone keep their job. It’s brutal—and sadly, not rare.

As AI gets more buzz, many stakeholders now think our work is overvalued. A quick AI PoC becomes “good enough” in their eyes, and we’re expected to polish it into something real—fast, cheap, and under pressure. Meanwhile, we’re constantly defending our craft against the next threat of being replaced by “cheaper” labor.

When I started out, we cared about clean code and craftsmanship. Now, I feel like I should be taking sales courses just to survive.

Today, it’s all about output. Ship faster or get replaced. Quality only matters when it’s too late—after the person who made the bad call has already cashed out.

I know this sounds pessimistic, but for many of us who aren’t in the top 1% of this industry, it’s just reality.

Thanks for the article, Christian. You’re not wrong—but I think you’re one of the few lucky enough to live that perspective. I wish you all the best, and hope you can keep enjoying that rare luxury. There will be a need for true craftsmen—especially when the rest of us have gone numb just trying to keep up.

jstummbillig

I think this fails to recognize how many more important problems there are in the world, and that the writing of code was not meant to be one of them, but only came into existence to solve them.

Of course, that does not have to be true now. You can certainly do this for personal satisfaction.

But the argument in this article is a bit confused. The step that lies behind "coding" is not of lesser difficulty, on the contrary. Instead of worrying about coding, we can instead worry about the bigger picture, and all the beautiful thinking, contemplating and deadlock it entails.

Only now, we are one step closer to solving a real problem.

noio

> thinking, contemplating and deadlock

This is what I’d call ‘programming’. Which you’ll still be doing even if the AI is writing the code.

The question is whether you can become good/better at programming without writing code?

juujian

This reminds me that I should do more coding challenges. Maybe nothing major, small data wrangling. Stuff like puzzles in the game Human Resource Machine. Advent of code light maybe. So refreshing and fun sometimes.

spacemadness

My anxiety for where this is all going is as follows. Using AI for all your coding is a wet dream for CEOs because the goal is to fire all their engineering staff except for a handful of maintainers. However, it reminds me of trying to explain to your stakeholders why you need time to work on tech debt before it becomes a problem. There is no metric now that says there is a problem that’s easily measured but engineers are grinding their teeth trying to work within a system that is slowly degrading and is showing signs.

“Who cares, ship it, also we need this new feature next week. What do you mean it will take longer this time? Ridiculous, why didn’t you say something before?”

Likewise, the brainrot and lost knowledge, as well as possible new tech debt that fewer engineers working in their codebase understand, will eventually cause issues down the line. The same pressures will ensue causing stakeholders to ignore all the signs of degradation.

skydhash

> “Who cares, ship it, also we need this new feature next week. What do you mean it will take longer this time? Ridiculous, why didn’t you say something before?”

That's the reason I tried to have most of my communication (and complaints) in written and auditable form.

2d8a875f-39a2-4

"Generating boilerplate code, Summarizing documentation, Understanding complex concepts, Debugging tricky error messages, Drafting unit tests, Formatting data"

Thing is, this is probably 99% of the programming work of a junior dev at a place where management thinks like that.

cjs_ac

> The phrase “reflexive AI usage” is what triggered my strongest reaction. “Reflexive” suggests unthinking, automatic reliance. It implies delegating not just tasks but judgment itself.

Does it? When I trained as a schoolteacher, we were required to engage in 'reflexive practice', meaning at the end of the school day, we were expected to sit down and think about - reflect - on what had happened that day. I don't know how the Shopify CEO meant that phrase, but 'reflexive AI usage' has two conflicting meanings - it can be AI usage that is either actively or passively chosen - and we might need some better phrasing around this.

bradly

> I don't know how the Shopify CEO meant

I left Shopify a couple weeks ago and Tobi is very, very all-in on AI being an integral part of all jobs at Shopify.

Tobi said that how you use AI is now an official part of your review, and that for any new recs, you need to show that the job can't be done by an ai. I left shortly after the memo so I do not know if things have changed.

Shopify also brought in a very AI CTO a few months ago that internally has been... interesting to say the least.

Also, anecdotally, the quality of code at Shopify was declining rapidly (leaderships words, not mine). All sorts of code-reds and yellows were happening to try and wrangle quality. This isn't Blind so no need for the gore and opinions, but we'll have to see how this shakes out for Shopify.

bwfan123

I thought ceos are more like coaches who motivate, and inspire. But not dictate employees on how they should execute. Since, engineers are expected to be far more capable than the ceo on their daily work (if not, the ceo needs to evaluate hiring practices). Tying ai-use to perf review and compensation is just more unnecessary process which incentivizes behaviors which may be counter-productive - "Oh, look, I am such a brilliant prompt-engineer"

So, the memo seemed to baby-sit adult engineers. It goes without saying that engineers will use AI as they see fit, and the least a company would do is to make copilot subscriptions available for the staff if needed.

Handprint4469

> we were required to engage in 'reflexive practice', meaning at the end of the school day, we were expected to sit down and think about - reflect - on what had happened that day.

That is _reflective_ practice (which involves reflection). Reflexive otoh comes from 'reflex', which does suggest unthinking automaticity.

cjs_ac

No, reflexive and reflective are synonyms; they are alternative forms of adjectives derived from the Latin verb flecto, flectere, flexi, flexum (note that both English spellings are present in the principal parts).

1123581321

They both have multiple meanings in English. The article was using reflexive this way: “ characterized by habitual and unthinking behavior.” https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/reflexive

Is that fair to the word given its roots, no, but that is English for you. :)

fnordlord

Regardless of etymology, I believe the use of “reflexive” means something different in the article than “reflective.” The Shopify CEO isn’t describing insightful use of AI in coding. He is describing automatic, unthinking use of AI. At least, that it was my understanding.

rout39574

It's been a LONG time since my latin. But doesn't the active vs. passive capture the distinction we're talking about in English quite well?

A reflexive action is taken passively, without thought.

A reflective action is taken actively, with careful thought.

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shinycode

> If people stop the occasional deadlock of grinding teeth, looking at a problem, crying, going for a walk, praying and screaming until suddenly it makes sense (and you learn something!), I’d call it severe regression, not progress.

People for which development is not their job will absolutely want to get rid of it as much as possible because it costs money. I really agree with the author, it does feel like a regression and it’s so easy to overlook what makes the most part of the job when it looks like it can be fully automated. Once you don’t have people who are used to do what’s quoted, and there is 500 million lines of code and bugs, good luck with that to ask a human to take a look. Maybe AI will be powerful enough to help debugging but it’s a dangerous endeavor to build critical business around that. If for any reason (political or else) AI got more expensive it could kill businesses (twitter api ?)

elia_42

Really interesting and I agree with everything. With my team we always try to improve our programming skills without AI, even though we all recognize its great utility.

Today every type of problem and every type of solution seems to have to be solved with AI, when there are more creative, original and artisanal ways to solve them (even if, sometimes, they need more time and patience)

strangescript

Yeah, anytime I am about to do some long multiplication, I start reaching for my calculator and stop, "no, you will go to the multiplication gym, and do this by hand, need to stay sharp"

svieira

I am not sure if you are serious, but I literally DO this, not just for multiplication, but for lots of automatable things.

aaronbaugher

Same here. I stopped writing in cursive in high school and completely lost the ability, and it was difficult to learn again as an adult when I wanted to. I don't want to lose basic skills like multiplication, and exercising them occasionally prevents that.

beej71

I started journaling in cursive after taking a 40-year break from it. I've gotten better, and am now faster at writing cursive than non.

Even losing programming skills to AI... I'll bet we can get them back.

Definitely easier to not lose them in the first place, though.

mvieira38

Love your surname dude (also your religion). AMDG

pyfon

Yes I do for estimation. If I can calculate requests per minute in my head I saved time.

Also in your analogy the calculator is the compiler :). AI would be someone telling you the numbers to use and you just trust em.

ori_b

I don't reach for calculators so often. When numbers are small or mental approximations will do, it's simply faster to do it in my head. And I'm not even good at mental math.

mvieira38

I actually do this and so do many of my peers...

nunez

Exactly how we've arrived at tip calculators for adults being extremely popular.

bobbyraduloff

This is an absolutely false equivalency. There’s no decision making, design consideration, architecture, real problem solving, etc. when doing long multiplication.

canes123456

You still need to do the decision making, design, architecture when using AI. AI is still more like a enthusiastic junior engineer. It will mindless start trying to solve a problem, copy in bad code, often makes mistakes, etc. You're still responsible for the hard problems and finding the issues. You are more of an senior/lead engineer who is doing as much thinking but not that much of the actual typing.

The question in my mind is if you need to become less productive to keep your thinking skills sharp. Do we need to separate the work from the "gym". We have times when we are using AI heavily to be as productive as possible. Then we have other times where we don't use it all to keep us sharp.

Is this necessary or are we being old fashion? I lean more towards this being necessary but if I grew up with AI, I might look at not using it as trying to write a web app in assembly. Yes, I learned it in college but there no reason to keep using it.

strangescript

There is more complicated math systems that computers have solved, just like Chess, and Go. Systems that seemed impossible for a machine to beat and eventually they do.

Coding will be exactly the same soon.

skydhash

Code is formal language, there’s nothing to be solved because it’s already as precise as 2*2. The issue is not with programming language, the issue is the domain where the problem is and the human that does translate the solution.

Let’s take text rendering. We already have words on papers and various ways to get them there. But doing the same with computer is a difficult job because of all the parameters for drawing characters and laying them to form words and lines. Once you find those parameters, you have to account for future changes so you write you code in a way that minimize that impact. And because someone else will probably do maintenance, you try to come up with good abstractions so that your solution become understandable.

If AI will solve coding, it may as well write machine code directly or be embedded as firmware, because every programming language was made for humans.