First live birth using Fertilo procedure that matures eggs outside the body
216 comments
·January 4, 2025gnfargbl
JumpCrisscross
> the process of pregnancy is incredibly physically strenuous
Friend just gave birth. I honestly don’t understand how anyone who has been proximate to childbirth can believe in intelligent design.
Everything about human birthing is a hack. The placenta. The rotation and cord and length of the process. The ridiculous frequency of stupid fuck-ups which often result in the death of a baby or the mother or both. Pregnancy strikes me as one of those processes proximate technology could absolutely do better than nature in 9/10 cases.
odyssey7
Apparently, the anomaly was also noted back in ancient Israel. The story of Adam and Eve is expressly presented as an explanation for why childbirth seems more like a punishment.
From Genesis 3:16, “To the woman he said, ‘I will make your pains in childbearing very severe; with painful labor you will give birth to children.’”
soulofmischief
For such a forgiving God, he certainly seems to hold a grudge.
nashashmi
On the other side, I honestly dont understand how anyone who believes in the accidental theory of evolution would persist in their opinion after witnessing a live birth. The emotions that flood the mind are not “evolutionary”. seeing the struggle a mother puts in to give birth is incredible. And part of the reason why civilizations have had goddesses in their mythology.
The number of things that can go wrong are significant. And yet despite all that, a birth happens. That is a miracle in itself. It goes against probability.
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Woshiwuja
[dead]
rayiner
We can put a man in the moon yet technology has been unable to create even a single baby. Something that even two of the dumbest high schoolers you can find can easily do.
gnatman
We can send James Cameron to the bottom of the Mariana Trench and yet technology has been unable to create even a single star. Something that even 10^55 of the dumbest hydrogen atoms you can find can easily do.
JellyBeanThief
"We can X yet technology has been unable to even Y" is one of the most famously repeatedly defeated positions in history. People have had to run marathons to keep those goal posts out of reach.
rowanG077
This sounds wrong to me. Cloning exists, IVF is a routine medical operation and now this headline. IVF is basically the science version of two teenagers going at it.
Terr_
In the Vorkosigan Saga, the "uterine replicator" appears as a minor but persistent future-technology, where the main selling point is Not Dying To Your Stupid Biology, followed by convenience.
> "[The] debate that will fundamentally alter Barrayar's future is being carried on right now among their wives and daughters. To use it, or not to use it? Too late to keep it out, it's already here. The middle classes are picking it up in droves. Every mother who loves her daughter is pressing for it, to spare her the physical dangers of biological childbearing. They're fighting not the old men, who haven't got a clue, but an old guard of their sisters who say to their daughters, in effect, We had to suffer, so must you! Look around tonight, Mark. You're witnessing the last generation of men and women on Barrayar who will dance this dance in the old way."
-- Mirror Dance by Lois McMaster Bujold
int_19h
Bujold also made an explicit point on several occasions in this book cycle that without this kind of tech, there's no true gender equality, because the burden of childbearing is just too much of a penalty.
namaria
Hail science, but I find the idea that intelligent design = someone thought it out to be a naive misunderstanding.
I think a lot about proton pumps. I know it has to have evolved naturally, but it looks so engineered. I am certain there's a lot more to the process of evolution than we currently know.
To be fair most versions of intelligent design arguments I know are also quite naive.
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skrbjc
Interesting because it seems like a miracle to me
JumpCrisscross
> it seems like a miracle to me
Conception, yes. Hell, many animal childbirths (and egg emergences), also yes.
Human childbirth? Obviously subject to personal taste, but I'm not seeing it. To approach its messiness we must look to some of the most inbred animals we've engineered, e.g. French bulldogs [1].
[1] https://www.frenchbulldogbreed.net/blog/can-french-bulldogs-...
m1n1
> I honestly don’t understand how anyone who has been proximate to childbirth can believe in intelligent design.
One way to believe in intelligent design despite how awful human childbirth is compared to those for other animals -- is found in Genesis:
Humans decided they knew better than God about what is best for themselves so they didn't listen to His one and only (at the time) command. So He imposed some consequences, including "I will make your pains in childbearing very severe; with painful labor you will give birth to children." Genesis 3:16.
aziaziazi
That doesn’t seem fair, does men also get some "consequences"? Or did Eve listen less than Adam at that time? (I didn’t read the Genesis)
edit: found it. Adams gets to eat plants from the soils (instead of form the trees?) and will work hard to produce those plants.
Just before, the Serpens deceive the women by telling her eating the fruits not in the middle of the garden is ok. She was suspicious but the Serpens was very convincing (by lying) However when Eve told Adam to eat the fruit, he didn’t ask anything and did it. IMHO the man is more in fault here because he didn’t even try to understand why he should eat Eve fruits while god said no.
> To Adam he said, “Because you listened to your wife and ate fruit from the tree about which I commanded you, ‘You must not eat from it,’
“Cursed is the ground because of you; through painful toil you will eat food from it all the days of your life. 18 It will produce thorns and thistles for you, and you will eat the plants of the field. 19 By the sweat of your brow you will eat your food until you return to the ground, since from it you were taken; for dust you are and to dust you will return.”
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%203&ver...
xenadu02
Punishing people thousands of generations removed who have no responsibility seems sadistic and cruel. If that's how God operates then why not do slave reparations? Why not do a huge series of land swaps to give land back to descendants of original owners even if the taking happened 2000 years ago? Who cares how much it hurts people who weren't even born yet; apparently God thinks that is just fine. The sins of the father fall on the great-great-great-great-great-great-great grandson forever.
Human childbirth is terrible because we walk upright and the four-limb vertebrae with pelvis+spine design is built for quadrupedal movement. The changes necessary to make bipedal movement work (combined with larger complex brains) make childbirth difficult. A case of competing requirements that can't be improved without redesigning the entire skeletal structure from scratch - something a God could trivially do but evolution has trouble with over such a short time span.
The nutritional requirements for a large brain plus quirks of our evolutionary path are also responsible for menses/monthly cycles. That is literally a mechanism to flush out fertilized embryos that may not be well-formed. It is extremely uncommon in animals. Most animals that have some need to pause or terminate fetal development do it cooperatively; the mother's chemical signals will command the fetus to slow, stop, or even kill itself and the fetus obeys. Humans are among the extreme few where mother-fetus interactions are adversarial.
Miscarriages are relatively common for the same reason: a human baby is expensive and hard on the mother. Any hint it might be developing incorrectly and better to dump it so we can start over.
Let's not even get to the fragile disaster that is the human back.
kazinator
That's actually very clever. The person writing that passage was responding to an obvious criticism. How could an all-knowing all powerful being mess up the design of procreation so badly? Conveniently, we will write that up as a deliberate punishment.
cma
That's so sadistic, that wasn't Satan?
ThePowerOfFuet
Is God willing to prevent evil, but not able? Then he is not omnipotent.
Is he able, but not willing? Then he is malevolent.
Is he both able and willing? Then whence cometh evil?
Is he neither able nor willing? Then why call him God?
QED.
JofArnold
I suspect you're right. But I've just last night finished Brave New World and what strikes me is production of children in that book almost entirely for the purpose of labour.
So, I'm curious what the driver for reproduction will be in the future once robots are capable of doing all the work and humans live for a very long time. I don't have children nor intend to - so likely this is a very cold take that doesn't apply to most - but the cynic in me says we've so far focussed on reproduction as individuals and at a country level to maintain productivity and extend the health and wealth of their elders. Without that pressure, would people choose to have fewer children on a scale we've never seen before?
gnfargbl
I don't think much of the other proposed societal changes in BNW. They're a backdrop which Huxley uses to illustrate some aspects of human nature and to tell the rest of his story, but that's about it. We've had plenty of opportunity to move to the transient sexual model he outlines, for instance, and yet long-term relationships are still overwhelmingly the most popular choice.
I also don't believe people generally have children to fulfil a wider societal responsibility. As a parent myself, we had children mostly because we thought it would be nice to have children around. It has been much more than "nice," in a way that I could never really put into words. However, I can honestly say that the maintenance of my own health and wealth into old age has never been remotely a concern; if anything, I spend my time trying to find ways to insulate them from the consequences of an ageing society. I don't see those aspects of parenthood changing.
squigz
Societal pressures/responsibilities don't need to be consciously acknowledged by an individual for them to have an effect on that individuals' decision-making.
ZiiS
Once society has accepted robot labour without rights and children without parents, the question quickly becomes is flesh or steel cheaper.
Dalewyn
>I'm curious what the driver for reproduction will be in the future
Leaving behind and continuing your legacy and heritage.
Personally I have no interest in pushing my blood, interests, and achievements and their endurement upon my hypothetical children, among many other reasons I have no interest in having children, but if someone wants to be that person then more power to them since it's none of my business.
qgin
It's already happened to a degree. People used to need to birth their own personal/family workforce (to work their land, for example). That was the main purpose of children. The idea that children are for some kind of top-of-the-pyramid self-actualization experience is really, really recent.
nico
> I'm curious what the driver for reproduction will be in the future once robots are capable of doing all the work
If robots are doing all the work, my bet is humans won’t be dominating for too long
Then if robots take over, and they spare us, the driver for human reproduction (for them to reproduce us) might just be to have pets
horrible-hilde
yes, and we’ll love it.
scotty79
People still make a lot of clothes even though huge percentage of the ends up in landfills after barely any use.
Future purpose of childbirth is fashion.
trhway
>what the driver for reproduction will be
the people without such driver are naturally weeded out, so due to such weeding out the majority of the population always naturally consist of the people who have such a driver, it may be some crazy one in any given particular case, yet it is there.
>in the future once robots are capable of doing all the work and humans live for a very long time.
and with artificial uterine it would mean that some people, the wealthy ones, would be able to have a hundred, or a thousand of children. Just look at for example Elon Musk and imagine if there were no need for physical pregnancy which i think is the major limiting factor here.
>would people choose to have fewer children on a scale we've never seen before?
the people who wouldn't be able to afford it as having children would be less beneficial for society as you correctly noted and it will be more like a personal luxury/indulgence and thus would be treated accordingly - taxed, no child support help from government, etc
teeray
> Just look at for example Elon Musk and imagine if there were no need for physical pregnancy which i think is the major limiting factor here.
Time could be the great equalizer here. Spending time with your children is pretty universally accepted as beneficial, so we could make it mandatory for extrauterine births over some threshold. It could be structured such that the more extrauterine children you have, the more of your 24 hours per day must be spent with them. I’m intentionally hand-waving over specifics of what that would look like and enforcement, but I’m sure you can come up with ideas. The goal is: if you want to artificially have hundreds of extrauterine children, society will take from you all the time you could have spent building rockets and running companies.
gnfargbl
> Just look at for example Elon Musk and imagine if there were no need for physical pregnancy which i think is the major limiting factor here.
I agree that is a very likely outcome. We've seen that behaviour before in history, e.g. the Ottoman Imperial Harem contained a minimum of several hundred women at its peak. We would almost certainly see it again. Remember, though, that those children still need to be cared for after birth, and that requires humans.
scotty79
> Just look at for example Elon Musk and imagine if there were no need for physical pregnancy which i think is the major limiting factor here.
Something is stopping Elon from founding fertility clinic and sperm bank with just his sperm.
NoMoreNicksLeft
If you think humanity is a good thing, and you want it to continue indefinitely into the future, then reproduction is essential. If you do not think this, then you want Earth to be a dull rock, with no civilization and no intelligent species. It really is just that binary.
>Without that pressure, would people choose to have fewer children on a scale we've never seen before?
They already made that choice, decades ago, and there's no evidence anyone is rethinking it. Fertility levels are sub-replacement.
coldtea
Such practices is why the Brave New World is a dystopia
emidln
Not the universal usage of a euphoria-inducing, pacifying drug covering large-scale psychological manipulation and inudstrialist domination of society? Brave New World is a dystopia because it shows a fully satiated and socially occupied doesn't care that it is being manipulated and repressed. You don't care about your caste,or the atrocities committed to others, or learning to better yourself because you take another hit of Soma and join an orgy.
Did we read the same book?
coldtea
>Did we read the same book?
Yes, and the engineered factory humans is part of the dystopian point it makes. The dehumanization begins at that, it's not just the soma.
Which is also why the normally born people (in the wildling "reservation"), the regular aging, the regular pregancy, are also in the book as a antithesis to the dystopian society (but one which they can not belong as outsiders, like we can't be "natives", only LARP it).
kanzure
Generally speaking, when it comes to _Brave New World_, the answer is no - people did not read the same book: https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/crispr.2019.0046
aaomidi
> You don't care about your caste,or the atrocities committed to others
Totally not our society!
But yeah this invention is a good thing
inglor_cz
People were similarly apprehensive about IVF. Some contemporary takes about "test tube babies" were positively hysterical.
Fear of the unknown is strong in us, especially when it comes to our bodies. See also, anti-vaxxerism.
api
I think humans will eventually self-improve with genetic engineering -- e.g. shifting the median IQ up by 30 points, life extension, disease resistance, eliminating heritable conditions -- but the ethical and societal issues will take much longer to address than the technology. We could already do some of this.
I think some of the concern is reasonable and some isn't.
coldtea
>People were similarly apprehensive about IVF
And rightly so. It's used as a patch for many social issues (like declining fertility and careerism).
mschuster91
> There aren't many future societal changes that I'd bet on, but the acceptance of Brave-New-World-style artificial uterine environments is one of them.
It will be a huuuge time until extrauterine reproduction is viable even for mammals as small as mice. We barely understand pregnancy and its effects in humans as it is - IMHO it's barely ethical to research around pregnancy on mice, even less on "higher" levels of intelligence such as great apes. It's only a relatively recent discovery for example that fetal cells transfer via the placenta into the mother's organism [1], but it's only extremely recent that further discoveries into the mother-fetus interactions were studied [2].
Hell we're not yet sure if cloning humans actually works - it took a great deal of effort for sheep, and to this date we haven't even managed to work out the ethics for humans in gene-editing, just look at the controversy around He Jiankui [3].
Not saying it isn't worth the effort to hold a debate around human germ line research... but I think the time is premature, we should have it once we have proven it possible and safe in primates.
[1] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2633676/
[2] https://scienceblog.cincinnatichildrens.org/moms-ability-to-...
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/He_Jiankui_genome_editing_inci...
mensetmanusman
I will be amazed if a technology solution in biology can compete with 100 million years of evolution. Even children born via C-section are put at a measurable disadvantage due to micro biome stuff.
MandieD
But that's possibly outweighed by the advantages implied by their mothers having the resources (personal or societal) to get their babies out safely for both themselves and said babies at later ages (mother and/or father have more advanced careers and financial stability) and despite their physical condition.
My kid (born when I, his mother, was 40) is a second generation C-section baby who, had my own mother (who had me at 35) been born in the 60s instead of the 40s, likely would have been a 3rd generation C-section baby. My mother was 10.5 lbs at birth and left my grandmother unable to have another child in her early 20s. Perhaps I can't eat crustaceans and have a stuffed nose for several weeks in the spring because I didn't get my mother's microbiome. I'll take that trade; my mother was then able and willing to go on to have my little brother.
I'll also wager that as a Western middle-class middle-aged professional who had my kid about a decade after I "should have" (can't plan everything!), my child's material circumstances and opportunities would be the envy 90-95% of his agemates worldwide. I'm definitely providing a better education than a semi-literate 17-year-old Afghani woman who could only have hers "the old fashioned way".
mensetmanusman
It’s fascinating that there are now babies that require c-sections for reasons you allude to.
It’s definitely possible to facilitate this type of genetic line in the context of wealth and abundances, but if it became the more than the norm, any war or famine would be devastating.
triyambakam
Sure, just trivialize the constraints of systemic barriers, political instability, and gender-based oppression that limit educational and reproductive choices for many Afghan women.
pjc50
> children born via C-section are put at a measurable disadvantage due to micro biome stuff.
[citation needed]
ben_w
You may be amazed, but that doesn't make it implausible.
We already did beat evolution first with wheels, later with steam, then with jet engines, nuclear reactors, heart transplants, vaccines, exogenous steroids, etc.
Evolution hit a constraint with us, our increased brain size making childbirth unusually difficult for humans compared to other species; all of us are born premature by the standard of our nearest wild relatives, and have to be premature just so the mother doesn't die all the time, merely unusually often.
xattt
After ex-utero pregnancy is achieved, the next step would be some form of recombinant human analogue breast milk synthesis. Beyond that, breast milk tailored to mom-babe pairs.
Yes, formula exists and has created billions of healthy children. However, breastfeeding is a signifiant commitment of blood, sweat and tears for many moms that want to do best by their babes.
Teever
At that point we can produce dairy milk for human consumption too.
I've been thinkingg about this for a while, that the way we're approaching growing artificial meat from stem cells is the wrong way to use this kind of technology.
Is anyone using this technology to grow chicken eggs and dairy milk in the lab for human consumption?
It will remain tricky to get subtle things like colour, taste, and the texture profile right for lab grown meat but will that hold the same for the output of a rtificially grown tissue like milk or eggs?
derektank
The company Perfect Day has a bio-reactor service that produces whey protein without the need for dairy cows. They've partnered with a couple of different companies to bring different vegan milk/ice cream products to market. It doesn't use stem cells though, I believe they bio-engineered fungal microbiota to create the process.
MrDresden
> ..yet our culture continues to encourage motherhood at a later age and fails to effectively support those who do make the choice to have children.
Just so it is said, not all cultures on the planet are as equally bad at supporting parents.
remarkEon
That way madness lies.
Growing children in a vat, to be bought and sold. That's what you're talking about. As a kid or young adult I never fully understood the Butlerian Jihad plot point of the DUNE universe, but as an adult and a father I certainly do now.
pjc50
Growing children in a vat, and the personhood of those children, are two separate things. It's been entirely possible in recent history for naturally born children to be born to be bought and sold; whereas things like IVF have no effect on the personhood of the children so concieved.
remarkEon
Loosening the biological connection to parents and replacing it with a mechanical process means there isn't a first line defense against the buying and selling. In fact, the buying and selling is the first step since the activity is reduced to a monetary transaction. It's just slavery, with a veneer of charity around it for people who struggle to conceive naturally. OP argued that supporting this concept would become mainstream, and my point is that it won't, because you'd have to put people like me in prison for that to happen.
nashashmi
The headline inspires SCiFi stories of creating humans outside of the woman. But that is not at all what this story is about: eggs were brought to maturity level outside of the woman.
Currently eggs would be matured inside the mother with artificial hormones.
Now they can be removed before maturing and inflated after in a dish. Then fertilized. Then be injected back into the mother. Hormones are still used in the next step.
chiyc
The article claims an 80% reduction in injections, but they must only be counting the injections prior to egg retrieval. After the 2 weeks of injections before the egg retrieval, there's another 8-10 weeks of intramuscular injections after the embryo transfer.
Still, this is a great development to lessen the entire ordeal for women undergoing IVF.
pgryko
'With nearly half of the women in the US never reaching their maternity goals, there is an urgent need for innovation' - did they just describe having children like a KPI?
sebmellen
It is! If ~50% of the population feels unfulfilled because they haven’t been able to have the children they wanted, we should fix that. But clearly it would be better to look at the root cause than to rely on this specious invention.
pjc50
If you look at the other "personal goals" comment in this subthread, which lists "buy house and get married" before children, I think you can see what the real barrier is.
mensetmanusman
Subjective well-being is a fascinating metric to chase because it always changes.
Pigalowda
I agree. I think happiness and “well-being” are not actual realities. There is only the pursuit of happiness. And that pursuit can be manipulated for financial gain. I think the very best you can achieve is being a child or failing that contentedness and absence of suffering. Otherwise loss and grief will strip away any possibility of happiness. The only fleeting happiness/joy I often see in myself or other adults is in nostalgia - and that’s pure manipulation.
bpodgursky
When you talk to people who are successful in their personal lives, that's how they treat life goals. Sounds over-formal but that's life.
1. Get married
2. Buy house (by 30)
3. Have kid 1 by 32, to allow 2 year birth spacing for X children
etc.
People like to be wishy-washy and romantic about finding partners, settling down, having kids... but the people who end up where they want to be are usually far more intentional about it.
bdcravens
Many of our "heroes" speaking about having children the same way. Steve Jobs said having children was far more important than the work he did at Apple. While he's going in a different direction with it, Elon Musk has focused on a lot on declining birthrates and what that means.
s1mon
I first read that very very differently with a word which is almost an anagram of Fertilo, which begins with 'fe' and ends with 'o'. I was very confused how what has been euphemistically described as "swallowing kids" would produce viable eggs.
Smithalicious
It's okay, you can say "fellatio", we're adults here
dinkblam
> Gameto is rapidly expanding the availability of Fertilo […] in key markets such as Australia, Japan, Argentina, Paraguay, Mexico, and Peru.
so, are those the key markets for expensive fertility treatments?
bdcravens
Or markets with lower burdens of entry (ie, regulations or religion-political opposition)
kazinator
> In the U.S., the company is preparing for Phase 3 trials.
That's that country where, if you do anything such that these eggs don't make it, you're an abortionist.
enceladus06
Hah just locate in Alabama, where your frozen embryos are "pre-born children" and then use them as tax deductions.
nimish
Oh boy we invented Axlotl tanks!
stevenwoo
Not if you have read the fifth book. Spoilers for approximate 50 year old book but IIRC Axlotl tanks just women forced into coma to gestate/bear children remarkably like the Handmaids Tale, published at about the same time.
waltercool
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spiritplumber
[flagged]
There aren't many future societal changes that I'd bet on, but the acceptance of Brave-New-World-style artificial uterine environments is one of them. Even for a healthy woman at an optimal age, the process of pregnancy is incredibly physically strenuous, yet our culture continues to encourage motherhood at a later age and fails to effectively support those who do make the choice to have children. A technological solution would be an easy out here, and if it were available then people would very likely take it, for better or worse.