Americans can't afford their cars any more and Wall Street is worried
101 comments
·October 20, 2025vondur
I’ve seen some crazy stories on YouTube about people trading in cars they’re already underwater on just to finance an even more expensive one. I can’t understand why banks keep lending money for deals like that.
giobox
> I’ve seen some crazy stories on YouTube about people trading in cars they’re already underwater on just to finance an even more expensive one.
This has happened for as long as there has been car finance (i.e. practically since the dawn of private vehicle ownership), it's nothing new.
Given most folks cannot purchase a vehicle outright, the customer only really cares about the monthly payment, a sizeable amount of whom do not even understand the concept of being "underwater" on a trade in. The industry has always preyed upon the financial stupidity of most car buyers.
bombcar
Arguably cars became “unaffordable” sometime when loans became common - what percentage of cars being bought in credit can be argued, but clearly it’s become more and more.
giobox
Loans appeared almost immediately alongside the invention of the private motor car (~1920 Ford/GM had to start offering financing on private vehicles to make them affordable), with 60-75 percent purchased this way in the 20s. Today its 85 percent - there wasn't really ever a period private car ownership didn't involve finance, at least in North America.
vjvjvjvjghv
"the customer only really cares about the monthly payment,"
I noticed this when I bought my Subaru. There was a young couple next to me that worked hard with the sales guy to get an acceptable monthly payment for their desired car. No thought about actual price or duration of the loan. I wanted to scream at them that they were making a big mistake.
Esophagus4
Car salesmen also want to get you to focus on monthly payment instead of price.
It’s easy to manipulate the payment by adjusting the loan term without actually taking anything off the price. And then the finance manager can further manipulate the payment by upselling you additional products and saying it’s only an additional $7 per month instead of saying nitrogen in your tires will cost $336.
ronbenton
Well hey it’s not like subprime loans ever got us in trouble
Gigachad
Good news is the current US government is rolling back all of the regulation to prevent these bad loans from being given out, just to keep the music going for a little longer before this all blows up.
johnnyanmac
At this point I just want it to happen. Americans won't react otherwise, as history has shown.
Yes, the working class will suffer the most, but they are already doing so by default. The rich won't crash but they have a much bigger fall.
laughing_man
Long ago I had a girlfriend who was still paying on a Ford Bronco which had broken down. The repair was going to cost $300, which she didn't have.
She was able to trade that car in for a brand new one without spending any money. It was literally cheaper (in the short term, of course) to buy a new car than to fix the old one.
It was one of the reasons we broke up -- she was the type of person who counted the amount she could borrow as an asset.
Banks keep lending money for stuff like that because they can repossess your car if you stop paying.
potato3732842
>It was one of the reasons we broke up -- she was the type of person who counted the amount she could borrow as an asset.
There's a joke about playing for the other team buried in there somewhere, lol.
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bb88
It feels like musical chairs. The banks make money as long as the music continues to play.
toomuchtodo
Because it’s profitable even after losses, from some combination of origination fees and yield.
(at least until the credit cycle turns)
smileysteve
And repossession is relatively easy.
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pengaru
Nothing new there.
My childhood friend's brother has gone through so many new cars I lost track, and never paid off a single one of those loans. We're talking a pattern that began in the late 90s with this guy.
He now lives out of a truck that's.... wait for it, not paid for!
"There's one born every minute"
foobarian
I mean... I guess he's been in new cars his whole life then? And he manages to come up with the money for it. Good for him? Wonder what sacrifices he made in other areas of his life as a trade.
bigstrat2003
Well, it sounds like he's living out of his truck for one. That's a pretty huge sacrifice in my book.
monster_truck
Shouldn't they have seen this coming when insurance premiums, rent, etc started shooting up? It's not just healthcare either.
Used to be that you could winter paid off 'fun' cars at nice (live security, climate controlled, fire suppression, low risk zip code) storage units for the steep discount on the auto insurance.
Where I'm at, the cost of units like this are up by >20%. The introductory rates at new places are minor and only good for 1-3 months. The insurance discount (which was previously as much as -35%) is gone because of the risk from increased tenant churn at the storage places, and the insurance is up almost another 20% anyways.
colechristensen
Every major market crash (except covid) was more or less the result of circumstances which should have been easy to see coming.
The pattern of bailing out all but the absolute worst in these crashes means that the people taking the risk don't really care about the risk because a backup is expected as long as you're not the most irresponsible.
You don't have to be faster than a bear to outrun the consequences, just faster than the scapegoat.
gnatman
I was curious about the big spike in delinquency in the late 90s, turns out there was a big subprime lending meltdown in 97/98 too.
vjvjvjvjghv
I just read that the average price of a car is now more than 50k. People are insane to buy these with huge loans. There are plenty of very nice cars in the 20k-40k range but somehow people feel compelled to spend a ton of money on their cars.
NDizzle
Why more people don't keep their cars long term has always been a mystery to me. Sure, I had plenty of them in my 20s when I was young without a bunch (3) of responsibilities roaming the earth. But currently, counting my oldest kid's (19) car, we have 4. I don't worry about any of them. 2008 Land Cruiser and RAV4, 175k on one, 185k on the other. Both bought used. 2013 Sienna, bought new (with a huge discount) - 161k. 2022 RAV4 Prime, 55k, bought new. Zero car payments, zero upcoming 20k battery replacements in my future. I'll sell the Prime in probably 2-3 years for $30k (thanks, Toyota resale value) and get another reliable wife-mobile.
johnnyanmac
Next to a house, a car is one of the biggest status symbols you can grab. Those people aren't buying Ford F350's because they need significant pickup and towing ability. It's the last bit of personal expression they have in life.
Now that said: I own a 2008 car with 180k miles, bought used over a decase ago. and I'm really hoping I can ride it out another 2 years. I wanted to go FEV a while back, but then the market got rough.
mattgreenrocks
> It's the last bit of personal expression they have in life.
No it isn't, they chose to make their consumer choices into an identity that needs "expressing." It's just a car. I don't begrudge their choice to want the car they want, I dislike the implication that they're somehow forced into buying it.
johnnyanmac
I should preface that with "it feels like" the last bit of expression. A house is out of reach, community is siloing off, hobbies become more solitary.
"Its just a car" to them in the same way "it's just a streamer" to someone developing a parasocial relationship. If only it was that easy to snap them out of it.
potato3732842
>It's the last bit of personal expression they have in life.
Little of column A, little of column "jerks on the internet have these people convinced that using a vehicle anywhere near it's rated capacities let alone beyond them is guaranteed to end in a fiery crash" so they say "oh we might pop out a 2nd kid, better go with the CRV over the HRV" as if the latter can't do both fine.
HN is very much complicit in this pushing of social norms in a direction where people feel like they're slumming it or behaving irresponsibly putting two adults and 3-kids in a 5-seater or towing something recreational with a half ton.
johnnyanmac
I'll admit pickup trucks are a bit of anlow hanging fruit, but the behavior isn't unique to that kind of car. Sports car to live out childhood dreams, luxury brand to keep up with the Jones', simply seeing a new car and falling for the "0% APR" and all those other "deals".its all the same mentality being exploited.
I don't really get the Overcompensation thing. Engineers are usually conservative when giving those ratings. I wouldn't necessarily push 4k lbs on a 3k rating load, but I wouldn't be surprised if true max load was in the range of 4.5k lbs.
avdelazeri
It's fine, in the future we will all subscribe to the self driving robot taxi, own nothing, and be (un)happy
Simulacra
You might enjoy this
kristopolous
And yet automakers think that the smaller more affordable cars that do well overseas somehow have no audience in the US.
For instance, the Geome Xingyuan is $10k, Hongguang Mini EV is $5k.
Instead we have the average cost of a new car at $50k.
JumpCrisscross
> yet, automakers think that the smaller more affordable cars that do well overseas somehow have no audience in the US
Blame fleet efficiency standards [1] and the light-truck loophole [2].
[1] https://me.engin.umich.edu/news-events/news/cafe-standards-c...
[2] https://digitalcommons.law.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?artic...
2OEH8eoCRo0
The Dacia Sandero!
username223
On the one hand, I don't understand: a reliable EV costing only a few months of the median US income would be world-changing. On the other hand, I do: high-margin EVs like the Cybertruck are an easier way for car companies to make money in the next quarter. Why would you ever sell a vehicle that the people building it could afford, when the margins are so low?
ajsnigrutin
https://www.reddit.com/r/electricvehicles/comments/1ehfe04/v...
Many things are more affordable overseas.... aVW ID.3 is 15k eur in china, 32k over here in my small eu country.
decimalenough
If they sold well in the US, they would bring in more of them. But they don't.
eightysixfour
This is the argument everyone was making for small trucks until Ford brought in the Maverick and demand was so high they couldn't keep them on lots. When they bring is right sized vehicles thay don't suck, we but them.
danans
> If they sold well in the US, they would bring in more of them. But they don't.
The auto industry would rather use its limited assembly line capacity for the highest margin products, which are large luxury internal combustion vehicles.
We have long been in the era of lean manufacturing, where assets like factories are hyper-optimized for returns to capital, not for making products to serve all needs or desires. Why lower your gross margins by investing in more factory capacity to make affordable cars? You'd rather put your capital into the Mag-7 to get a higher rate of return.
It also makes sense because with growing inequality in the US, the well-off (or the financially irresponsible) are the only people who buy new cars anyways, so the manufacturers make cars for them.
This is also a big part of the reason they make EVs (which are disproportionately higher end or luxury): because they know that EV buyers are likely to be more well off. The environmental benefits are secondary, and the auto industry has never cared much about lowering TCO or energy costs (those things benefit the EV driver, not the car manufacturer).
potato3732842
The Toyota fanboy mob will be along shortly to downvote you for saying bad things about our lord and savior lean manufacturing.
(joking, but not as much as I want to be)
cr125rider
No, the big 3 can’t compete. Thats why Chinese cars are straight banned here. Not because of economics
kristopolous
In the 1970s Detroit thought the Honda Civic was a joke as well. How could it ever compete against the Pontiac Astre or the Buick Skyhawk they thought...
potato3732842
It couldn't compete. Those cars were shit, just like the Chevettes they were competing against. It was all shit. All of it. The imports were typically slightly more expensive to boot.
They sold well because you could get a Civic or whatever with a nice radio and they had a bunch of them on the lot in automatic and all the other things buyers cared about beyond just A to B because for the Japanese automakers shit was serious business and so they built their shit with some give-a-fucks included whereas to the Americans shit was a sideshow and they phoned it in and it was like pulling teeth to get a well optioned domestic that wasn't hobbled by the lack of some key feature or ergonomics issue.
None of these were cars people wanted to be driving. The market for big nice fuel hogs shrunk and the market for compacts rose in it's place and the Japanese were very well positioned to put their ass in that seat when the music stopped.
UltraSane
People not being able to afford the cars they NEED to drive to their jobs is not a great situation.
DaveZale
I use the Loud Muffler Index for judging the economy. Traffic gets louder when working people are under financial stress. It's easily measurable.
Ccecil
I have been noticing similar but not "loud muffler" so to speak but instead it is noticeable lacking maintenance on "mid-high" value cars.
There have been a lot of cars I consider "nice" but have squealing wheel bearings, squeaking brakes and/or engine tune issues which point to general lack of maintaining the vehicle.
Good to see I am not the only one seeing this warning sign.
bb88
I found the waiter/waitress quality model was pretty effective for judging the economy. If the economy was strong, the service would be worse, since the best people could get better jobs elsewhere. And if good people were having a hard time making ends meet, they would end up in the service industry displacing those that weren't good in their jobs.
You could probably come up with similar metrics on the number of dented cars you see in a day that people couldn't afford to repair.
Or the number of people who skip out on their checks at a restaurant. Or the number of people who buy lottery tickets. Or the number of people that are willing to gamble, not as entertainment, but as a way to get some money for the next bill due date.
DaveZale
that- that ppl go elsewhere- like with the aws rto demands- have serious repercussions, true
caterama
Disagree. Do you mean that vehicles gets louder because people skip maintenance? Or more stress produces more honking? An opposite effect: more financial stress means less spending on aftermarket exhaust mods means quieter traffic. Also, financial stress means less driving means less noise. Overall, I doubt you're going to find much signal in the noise!
potato3732842
In large parts of the country mufflers rust off periodically.
And people pay more taxes for the privilege (you don't think road salt is free do you?)
DaveZale
Well, it is a perfect storm of factors. First of all lack of maintenance. Secondly, people gunning it with the gas pedal. Thirdly, lower income folks in a rush to get to a second or even third job, gunning it for reasons other than just sheer frustration.
ASinclair
I live next to a busy city road. The loudest vehicles are motorcycles, cars with expensive, aftermarket exhausts, and large trucks. Not all cheap stuff.
tombert
I wonder if there's a way you could directly correlate this to profits. Like if you could buy or short VOO or SPY or VTI based on muffler noise.
DaveZale
hehe good question. But I believe that we are addicted to AI hopium at the moment. You know the drill, circular financing a la Enron, smartest guys in the room stuff. Your intuition will play out but there may be a delayed effect. Seriously I owned TSLA stock for many years. It was boring and frustrating, and I sold. So the Muffler Noise Index may be predictive of what happens years from now ;-)
decimalenough
If only there was a country selling cheap, reliable electric vehicles with extremely low running costs.
JumpCrisscross
> If only there was a country selling cheap, reliable electric vehicles with extremely low running costs
The missing middle in discussions around Chinese EVs is import quotas (and disconnection mandates).
Americans buy over 15 million vehicles a year [1]. Letting China export up to 150,000 EVs into America a year, subject to anti-surveillance measures (e.g. no phoning home), paid for by the importer and thus--ultimately--consumer, would not bankrupt American producers. It would, however, show American consumers what they're missing out on while increasing competition in the American car market. Hell, it might even give some stateside auto engineers some good ideas.
Animats
Farley, the CEO of Ford, keeps pointing this out. He and his management team went to China recently to look at cars and car factories. They were impressed by BYD's cars and terrified by the factory visits. Ford wants to keep exporting trucks from the US, and Farley says that Ford needs to up their game to compete. Latest thinking at Ford is to have three assembly lines side by side, for front, middle, and back of vehicle. Then assemble the three sections. This improves access so you don't have people crawling into the vehicle to install stuff. Robots can do more of the assembly.
Stellantis, is, as usual, screwed up. The only remaining Chrysler product is a mini-van. The Jeeps designed after the Stellantis acquisition are not very good. (A plug-in hybrid with a 21 mile electric range?) The dealers demanded that the CEO of Stellantis be fired for incompetence, which was done. So far it hasn't helped much.
General Motors is still trying to push their "ladder of success": "Start your adventure with Chevrolet", and someday, reach Cadillac. This was a good idea around 1955. General Motors, post-bankruptcy, is a much smaller company than it was before the bankruptcy.
potato3732842
>A plug-in hybrid with a 21 mile electric range?
You fail to understand the magic of the Jeep Wrangler. It is a masterful exercise in checkbox engineering.
It is a lifestyle car or a practical SUV. It has a (shitty) 2nd row for the kids. It comes in hard top and soft top. You can get it in a hybrid, or 6spd manual.
It is literally the car that has a "well askshually" in response to whatever reason your significant other has for why not to get it.
Yeah 21mi plug in range is crap, but that's all it needs to check the box.
testing22321
Soon you’ll want Americans to know how good healthcare is in other countries, or that people in many countries get paid time off to move home , or that people in other countries don’t go into crippling debt for education.
No, no. THAT is not acceptable.
serf
>Soon you’ll want Americans to know how good healthcare is in other countries
there is a difference between 'good healthcare' and 'available healthcare'.
the US has some of the highest quality healthcare in the world to those that it is made available to.
the worlds' most rich and famous come to the US for treatment -- and the poorest in the US are among the most plentiful medical tourists to Malaysia and Thailand.
It's hard for foreigners to understand, but these two qualities are not mutually exclusive.
The availability of healthcare is the favorite talking point of those with socialized medicine programs because.... the quality sucks.
How many hundreds of NHS horror-stories are produced a year?
Yes, it's great that they are given a card that says they have medical coverage. It's not so great to wait 6 years for a cancer treatment that is nigh useless by the time the scalpel touches the patient.
micromacrofoot
I don't even care if china is attempting to surveil me honestly, feels like there are already a dozen American companies trying constantly to collect my data so they can exploit me
JumpCrisscross
> don't even care if china is attempting to surveil me
Flip it around. You're in China. Would you want the CIA to have access to your life?
Of course not, unless you're an idiot. Every intelligence agency has near-limitless utility for disposable stooges.
prawn
A common comment in this context is that the American entities have a greater capacity to influence your life (wreck credit, dob you in, etc) than a foreign one.
potato3732842
This. They are of substantially less threat to me than any local agency.
johnnyanmac
Sorry, 200% tariffs for you. And that wasn't even a Trump thing, surprisingly enough.
Sad part is it might still be worth it to buy after tarriffs at the rate American vehicles are going.
Previously: "US car repossessions surge as more Americans default on auto loans" 3 days ago | 237 comments https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45622157