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U.S. intelligence intervened with DOJ to push HPE-Juniper merger

perihelions

The much longer Bloomberg article is also worth reading for background,

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-07-29/top-doj-a... ("Top DOJ Antitrust Officials Removed Over HPE-Juniper Settlement" (July 29))

> "Senate Democrats alleged the removals were the result of improper political influence and lawmakers are pushing the federal judge overseeing HPE’s acquisition to hold a lengthy review of the antitrust settlement."

> "Roger Alford, the top deputy to the Justice Department’s antitrust chief Gail Slater, and William Rinner, who led the department’s merger enforcement, were dismissed Monday, according to people familiar with the situation."

chasil

Here is the archived Bloomberg article. If you want to edit this into your comment, no problem.

https://archive.ph/LlUJM

mjburgess

It sounds more like the US IC treats HP like one of its own departments, and it would very much like to do the same with Juniper.

The idea that even allies will be using US networking equipment in a couple decades seems implausible. Everyone is well-aware that any boxes coming out of the US are as likely to be tapped as ones coming out of china.

graemep

That has always been true, and yet almost every country buys both US or Chinese equipment, and a good many by both.

saubeidl

Maybe it's time we stop.

null

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DaSHacka

Sounds like a great idea; good luck with that.

pyrale

The Snowden leaks showed 20 years ago that cisco routers were being sent to NSA for "aftermarket" modifications before being sent to clients. It's not news.

aerostable_slug

The Snowden leaks demonstrated Cisco wasn't a knowing participant — the equipment was covertly diverted and then modified. That's quite different than knowing collaboration.

tempodox

Is there any computer or internet company that the US IC doesn't treat as their own department? Maybe some very small and insignificant ones.

tptacek

Just a reminder that Juniper was the firm that managed to (1) ship VPN appliances that used the Dual EC RNG, (2) get hacked, and (3) had the hackers substitute in their own Dual EC backdoor curve point, which shipped in their product for years.

https://eprint.iacr.org/2016/376.pdf

tempodox

I knew there must be a good reason for this push.

nullc

I believe that (1) happened prior to the acquisition of netscreen by Juniper. (so, if your comment is meant to suggest something about the integrity of the management, etc. it may not be as significant as you're suggesting).

tptacek

Juniper acquired Netscreen in 2004. The rest of the timeline is in the paper. So, no, I think.

BobbyTables2

Kinda rich for a company that was in bed with the Chinese govt (H3C) and has a track record of killing the things it acquires.

Maybe they really wanted to ensure that Juniper dies a slow death ?

chasil

There are so many dead companies and technologies inside of HPE.

I fail to see how this impeded Huawei.

lenerdenator

Rule #1 of digital security: There is always some spy, somewhere, trying to work an angle to get into your traffic. Absolutely no exceptions.

tjwebbnorfolk

Rule #1.a.: Some part of your network is already compromised. You just don't know which part. Design everything with this in mind.

jodacola

It’s easy for me to get worked about about the things being done and allowed by this administration, but I have to wonder: will allowing these mega companies create more opportunities for scrappy upstarts to disrupt these giant, slow moving, clunky monoliths?

bc569a80a344f9c

Probably not.

Look at Juniper specifically. In 2021, their revenue roughly broke down as 40% service provider, 35% enterprise campuses, 25% cloud. In 2025, that had shifted to 45% enterprise campuses, 30% service provider, and 25% cloud. That shift is mostly reflected by how much money they pumped into Mist, and how successful that was.

Scrappy little upstarts have a _really_ hard time selling networking equipment to service providers and enterprises, who require tons of arcane features that take a long time to build and validate. They also operate very much on reputation, and rely on training pipelines outside of their own organizations (i.e., certifications). On the SP side (and the more modern enterprise side) there's also the significant issue of integration with other IT systems. At that scale, people aren't just command line jockeys that log into a router to provision something - Comcast can't operate like that, they need well defined API integrations with their provisioning system.

It is interesting and noteworthy that HPE's interest in Juniper is mostly due to the success of Mist, which _was_ a scrappy little upstart that got purchased by Juniper in 2019 (???). Mist (as a product line) only got successful once it was backed by Juniper, a known player. They had a much, much harder time selling to big accounts before that.

However, it's not a random scrappy little upstart, it got started by very senior people from Cisco that couldn't get their vision executed at Cisco. Specifically, Bob Friday (who co-founded Airespace in 2001, which was purchased by Cisco and directly led to Cisco wireless controllers), and Sujay Hajela, who was an SVP responsible for enterprise and wireless at Cisco, having led the Meraki purchase. More than a decade later, Meraki - another upstart, I guess - still isn't aimed at much other than SMB.

That Mist made it as an newcomer is the exception to the rule and entirely due to those very specific people and their very specific contacts. I wouldn't be surprised if at all if Mist had initially been fully intended to be a spin-out from Cisco with the express purpose of folding them back in a decade later if they were successful enough, and it just so happened that they got snagged up by Juniper first.

tptacek

A nit here: leaving Cisco to do a product Cisco should do itself is literally part of the cultural DNA of Cisco; it's practically what you're supposed to do. In years of working with/around Cisco, I saw people literally do startups for things that were just planned features for existing Cisco products.

bc569a80a344f9c

Completely agree, I expressed that poorly - that Mist didn't just get rolled back into Cisco seems like an aberration given Cisco's spin-out culture, and I'd be curious to find out some day what happened for them to get scooped up by Juniper instead.

"Normal" startups in this space that aren't just spin-outs designed to come back to the mothership if they're successful are incredibly rare.

jodacola

Appreciate the insights; this segment of the industry is my forte so this was educational.

I realize it’s impossible to predict what comes next, but I’m curious about analogs to this merger and what one could reasonably expect to happen over the next many years.

My philosophy is showing in that I don’t see these deals as good for competition or the market in general, so I’m (perhaps hopelessly) looking for the silver lining here.

Den_VR

Spot on about Mist (Mist AI). Great insight.

inerte

“We need bigger companies so smaller ones have a chance” is a weird take.

jodacola

That wasn’t the take I was going for, but can see how it came off that way.

I’m opposed to these mega corps and looking (hoping) for some silver lining here that gives me some hope. Sibling comments have educated on that front.

gryfft

Sure, and then the clunky monoliths buy the scrappy little disruptors and take them apart.

(Source: worked for a scrappy little disruptor that was bought out and cannibalized)

xyst

One way to avoid “corporate raiders" and hostile takeovers is for companies to be owned by employees.

xyst

Maybe, but what’s to stop “scrappy upstart” from becoming the next HPE?

We need companies owned by the people that built the company. Not by the C-level executives that are appointed by a board of billionaire lackeys, bankers, trust fund kiddies who are hellbent on flipping a profit at all costs.

Also of course more regulation, and higher corporate tax. Get rid of the stock manipulation tactic known as stock buybacks that only encourage short term growth/pump in price of stock.

Den_VR

Hopefully after the merger Juniper will still be able to do things like lend equipment to events CCC.

Aruba has been pretty lackluster under HPE, so we’ll see where Juniper takes them. Or is taken.

stogot

Isn’t Ericsson (HQ in Texas) the best positioned to counter Hauwei in the telecom space? don’t see why HPE/Juniper tech merger would be a priority or advantage

otoburb

Ericsson is a Swedish company with headquarters in Stockholm. They (and everybody else) have lost and continue to lose market share to Huawei short of these types of overt government interventions/market interventions.

sneak

Because it’s really about putting one’s thumb on the scale of market participation, not actually about China at all.

This is why Boeing can make as many bad planes as they want. They’re part of the US government and they will always “win” the game we pretend they play against other vendors.

Same goes for Lockheed, Raytheon, AT&T, Microsoft, HP, and Dell. Delta. Probably also Ford and GM.

AWS is trying to get on this list (see the whole JEDI thing that was gift-wrapped for them until Oracle got mad and noisy about the corruption) and almost certainly will eventually if they haven’t already.

Circumstances suggest that Apple (because iPhone use aiding in global surveillance due to iMessage), Google (because Gmail and search), and Meta (because WhatsApp) are similarly favored (although not totally integrated like Microsoft and Boeing and AT&T) over any competitors, due to their massive and often-overlooked strategic geopolitical importance, both domestic and abroad. There are unimaginably big perks to playing ball with the state, just ask Palantir.

Others I would assume get special treatment: Comcast, Level 3, Verizon. Probably also Visa.

Good luck trying to compete with any of them in the market on merit when the people who own and control the market don’t want their buddies or surveillance partners to lose.

It’s mostly about the transfer of MANY billions of dollars of public tax money to the friends and associates of those who direct that money. China is just a convenient excuse. We all know the US as a unit is totally incapable of catching up to Chinese technology output or development pace (save for isolated pockets like Apple and SpaceX who thrive despite being in the US, not because of it).

Most of the functions of the state are around allocation of ostensibly-public money, and little else, I find.

kube-system

> Probably also Ford and GM.

Probably? GM was literally nationalized for a period not that long ago.

tristor

> Because it’s really about putting one’s thumb on the scale of market participation, not actually about China at all.

I wish this were true. It is not. Huawei has very famously (and publicly admitted) to stealing intellectual property from US tech companies, in many cases through conducting corporate espionage. Huawei has also had many of their products independently audited by various governments and found to contain intentional security flaws or backdoors.

You could easily make the argument that clearly US companies are just as bad, after all most US tech companies got funding to start from the CIA and clearly the intelligence community is really involved w/ Juniper and HPE (Dual EC anyone?). Both sides doing something doesn't absolve anyone who has to make a decision from understanding the implications of it, though.

This is more than just putting the thumb on the scale, it's a battle between a world of Pax Americana and a world where China runs things.

> We all know the US as a unit is totally incapable of catching up to Chinese technology output or development pace (save for isolated pockets like Apple and SpaceX who thrive despite being in the US, not because of it).

You mean the same US tech industry that has invented basically every modern computer technology, including the most cutting edge technologies available now? Are you kidding me? Nobody can possibly take this statement seriously. China has leg irons on because of US sanctions, but nonetheless the historical record is pretty clear that China excels at copying and scaling, but not so much invention. Creativity requires freedom of thought, something in horribly short supply within China.

null

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xyst

I wonder if the "US intelligence community" is really Kash Patel.

He has been known to work/consult/lobby on behalf of Chinese (and other foreign country) companies to push or backchannel in DC for favorable outcomes in US. [1]

[1] https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/patels-roster-of-forei...

anonymars

I was surprised to learn that he also wrote a children's book

https://www.amazon.com/Plot-Against-King-Kash-Patel/dp/19555...