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Plants hear their pollinators, and produce sweet nectar in response

thinkling

If you find this interesting, I strongly recommend the book _The Light Eaters_ by Zoë Schlanger [0]. She discusses this finding as well as other sense-abilities of plants. Recent science has found pretty amazing things.

If I recall correctly: flowers are often shaped like dish antennas to collect sound vibration, and plants can distinguish the frequency of wing beats of their preferred pollinator from frequencies of other insects, and will act only for their pollinators.

[0] https://www.amazon.com/Light-Eaters-Unseen-Intelligence-Unde...

marojejian

I listened to that book and enjoyed it. But that said, I'm torn between friendliness to the general concept, and skepticism based in part on the bias of proponents to deeply desire plants to display something like intelligence (a bias I share).

For example the most amazing claims in the book were around the ability of Boquila trifoliolata to dynamically mimic other plants.

see this old HN thread: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31301454

But when one looks more closely the research, the behavior isn't as dramatic as Zoe made it sound, and the research may not be so strong, e.g. :

https://press.asimov.com/articles/plant-vision

igorbark

i definitely agree that it would've been nice to have images in the book as it was hard to get a sense of exactly how well Boquila was mimicking neighbouring plants!

but in reference to the linked article, i will say that the researchers interviewed in the book (and i got that sense for Zoe as well) were in agreement with you that the research didn't support a vision-based mechanism. but everyone agrees that the imitation is going on. the researchers in the book suggest a gene transfer-based mechanism instead! (mentioned briefly in your linked article)

90s_dev

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tomhow

You seem to be on some campaign against atheists today, which needs to stop now. It breaks multiple guidelines and destroys what HN is for. It's great to ponder the big existential questions; I do plenty of it myself. But when discussing these topics here we need to find a way to do so without being derisive towards others.

myrmidon

Do you think that if we simulated a bee, molecule for molecule, that this simulation would behave differently from the real thing because the simulation fails to replicate its soul?

What kind of behaviors in animals/humans does this soul affect? How do you believe does it interface with nervous systems in general?

michaelhoney

what a strange set of conclusions to draw

marojejian

What most surprised me in this interview is, not only do plants increase sugar for 'efficient' pollinators, but:

>In contrast they respond to the sound of nectar-stealing non-pollinators by cutting back on sugar.

So there is some discrimination in their hearing.

jbotz

Plants are our cousin eucaryotes, and they've been evolving as long as we animals have and so there is likely to be equivalent information processing complexity to be found in them, we just don't know how to recognize it because it's so different from animal intelligence. There might even be something comparable to animal consciousness, not at the level of an individual plant, but more collectively, even including multiple species, whole ecosystems of plants and fungi together having an awareness and intelligence that can not only rival ours, but even transcend it, having lifespans in the thousands of years.

jmcgough

Another possibility is that this is a non-conscious trait. Luring pollinators is an evolutionary advantage, but there is survival cost to giving nectar indiscriminately, so natural selection will favor plants that can mechanically differentiate between the two.

Jabrov

"... so there is likely to be equivalent information processing complexity to be found in them"

This sounds like a really wild take. Just because something has been evolving for millions of years doesn't necessarily mean it's evolving information processing capabilities. It's patently obvious to me that the information processing capabilities of animals (eg. just vision alone) are far beyond those of plants.

nkrisc

> Plants are our cousin eucaryotes, and they've been evolving as long as we animals have

That is true. And look how different we’ve become.

> and so there is likely to be equivalent information processing complexity to be found in them

That’s quite a leap. I think precisely because plants and animals have evolved separately for so you can’t make that assumption. Maybe plants hasn’t not simply because they don’t need to, as a fundamental consequence of their differing physiology.

rusticpenn

That is a leap, but its could be approached with open mind. We have learnt a lot in the last few decades that would have sounded like fantasy to someone 100 years ago.

deadbabe

This would make things quite complicated for vegans.

xhkkffbf

What is an example of a nectar-stealing non-pollinator? Doesn't anything rooting around in there end up moving around some pollen?

Aloisius

Some carpenter bees will bite straight through the flower bypassing the stamens and stigma.

Sometimes it's just an anatomy mismatch - like very small bee species and big open flowers.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nectar_robbing

nemo

Take a look at the Flowerpiercers: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flowerpiercer

They're true parasites, piercing the flower to drink nectar without any chance of pollination.

HelloMcFly

The most common example are ants. Moths are often guilty of this as well.

creaturemachine

I'd guess hummingbirds.

nemo

Some plants actually have evolved to be pollinated by hummingbirds, they have long thin tube shaped flowers that a hummingbird beak can travel up. The Sword-billed hummingbird has an incredibly long beak due to mutual evolution with flowers that grew deep tubes.

gus_massa

No, hummingbirds also pollinate some plants. Random link from a Google search: https://www.nps.gov/articles/hummingbirds.htm#:~:text=Hummin...

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raffael_de

Seems like there is no paper yet. Best I could find:

https://acousticalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Pro... (page 194):

  Flower visitors, including pollinators, produce characteristic sounds through flapping wing movements during flight. Recent research underscores the value of studying these acoustic signals to develop non-invasive, efficient tools for monitoring pollinator communities. Additionally, these sounds may provide key information to flowering plants, potentially influencing their resource allocation to attract pollinators, thus impacting their fitness. In this study, we investigated the acoustic properties of airborne sounds generated by recording different flying visitors to Antirrhinum flowers in the field. The audio recordings were annotated according to the observed flying behaviors and analyzed using nonlinear time-series analysis. We also conducted playback experiments to evaluate how plants respond to the buzzing sounds of insects. Our results reveal that distinct flying behaviors, such as hovering, landing, and takeoff, produce unique acoustic signatures. Furthermore, plants exhibit reactions to the vibroacoustic stimuli from pollinators, suggesting potentially adaptive responses. These findings provide valuable insight for developing passive acoustic monitoring tools for flying insects and may inspire further research in the field of plant–pollinator interaction.
Link should be this: https://phys.org/news/2025-05-nectar-production-response-pol...

Maxion

raffael_de

Seems like this is not _the_ paper but (as you write yourself) _a_ paper dealing with the same question. I assume that _the_ paper will provide further insights otherwise the presentation wouldn't be justified.

srameshc

I never thought about it, but it is pretty surprising to learn that nature has evolved this system. I'm amazed by how this scientist was able to find a correlation and tell how things work in this instance. There is so much synch in the nature that is't hard to notice how connected everything is.

IshKebab

This sounds somewhat implausible. What mechanism do plants have to "hear" sounds? And to respond differently to the sounds of different insects? Hmm.

I would definitely wait for a peer reviewed article before paying any attention to this. People love "plants can hear things" stories.

calibas

> What mechanism do plants have to "hear" sounds?

Mechanoreceptors: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanoreceptors_(in_plants)

IshKebab

The examples there are for direct contact - feeling not hearing.

sethammons

What do you think hearing is? It _is_ direct contact. Sound is pressure waves directly contacting you and it is why there is no sound in a vacuum. Ear drums are tuned to a particular frequency range. But you can feel a deep bass in your chest, and that is why deaf people often enjoy deep bass music.

tough

isn't sound vibration?

aren't plants well suited with all their small and moving parts to some-what percieve that from their envirorment, even if its not literal hearing?

kseistrup

The way I see it, it's just a matter of terminology: When we detect vibrations through the air (“sound waves”) we call it hearing, and humans have dedicated organs to accomplish the task. When vibrations are detected (i.e., felt) in solid stuff, they're just called vibrations.

boudin

Even regarding hearing it's not that clear, for example hearing a "noise" under water or bone conduction.

roywiggins

Plants definitely can sense pressure and motion to some extent, that's what Venus flytraps do, and how creeping vines find and follow surfaces.

Hearing pollinators does seem somewhat unlikely but still plausible.

Huxley1

I never really thought of plants as responding to sound like this. I always imagined them reacting to light, chemicals, or maybe touch, but the idea of them picking up vibrations from specific insects is kind of mind blowing.

It makes me wonder how many other forms of input plants might be sensing that we simply don’t recognize yet. Nature keeps surprising me the more I read about this kind of stuff.

ramijames

I've been listening to Quirks and Quarks for more than 20 years now. What an absolutely amazing show. If you haven't, and like science podcasts, you're really missing out.

navigate8310

This is the first time I'm hearing about this show. Could you highlight any specific episode that stands out?

ramijames

Not really. There are literally hundreds. They mostly bring on and interview science experts from recent discoveries. Whatever is interesting, recent, and relevant. The vast majority of it is under the radar and having the discoverers come and talk about their work is usually very interesting. I listen almost every week. They take the summer off.

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altruios

If plants make decisions, and have preferences. Then ethically, are we not bound to consider those preferences?

Then again: nothing wants to be eaten...

Lab grown meat can't come fast enough: ethical flesh to consume.

nashashmi

The plant is happy to give nectar with sugar to pollinators. That means they are ok with being eaten. They are likely not ok with being damaged.

So go ahead and take the apple because it will drop otherwise. And take the fruits. If you want to go all out, go with a Jain diet system where carrots and mushrooms are not ok but mints and herbs are a-ok.

AstroBen

> Lab grown meat can't come fast enough

Yeah, but 6 US states have now banned it

Humans are a billion miles away from considering plant preferences

sorcerer-mar

cancel culture is out of control these days

gbjw

Fruit is plant flesh that is meant (designed?) to be eaten.

nradov

There's nothing unethical about eating meat, and lab grown "meat" isn't any more ethical than the real thing.

kseistrup

In my opinion, “I'ma eat you, coz I am more entitled to live that you are” is unethical. But then again, I also chose a plantbased diet.

It is impossible for more complex organism to live on Earth and not feast on other organisms, so you could say I should avoid eating plants too. Correct, but since I cannot avoid killing other beings, I have chosen the path of less overall suffering.

nradov

What is suffering and how do you measure it? How do you know that plants don't suffer? Why is less suffering more ethical?

I don't believe you've actually thought any of this through in an intellectually rigorous way. Your choices just allow you to falsely believe that you're somehow superior to people with other priorities and values.

csours

Daft Punk is pollinating at my house! (My House!)

cjbenedikt

Link to study?

Jackim

The study is ongoing, the researcher presented their findings so far at a conference. Here's an article: https://phys.org/news/2025-05-nectar-production-response-pol... and a link to the study abstract: https://www.hfsp.org/node/74710

voxelghost

Noting that the researchers use terms as 'responds to vibroacoustic signals' rather than the term 'hear' used in the article of the post. Hearing to me implies some kind of auditory processing, this seems to be a more passive 'biomechanical' response.

aaron695

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